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What is Cognitivism

Chapter 11
Handbook of Research on Instructional Systems and Technology
Cognitivism is a learning theory according to which mental processes mediate learning and learning entails the construction or reshaping of mental schemata. Cognitivists believe that knowledge resides in complex memory structures in the human mind called schemata, and learning is the process of changing these structures. ID from a cognitivist perspective focuses on presenting learners with the appropriate information and feedback to shape their mental schemata.
Published in Chapter:
The End of Instructional Design
Justin Marquis (Indiana University, USA)
Copyright: © 2008 |Pages: 12
DOI: 10.4018/978-1-59904-865-9.ch011
Abstract
The potential implications of a paradigm shift in learning theory from a cognitivist point of view to the social-constructivist point of view are significant and far reaching for research in the field of instructional design (ID). Such a rethinking of learning and knowledge could cause a major shift in current research agendas away from the self-contained, disembodied training and instructional paradigms currently employed and toward learning that happens within the actual context of the work to be done. This chapter will attempt to capture the differences in ID research considerations made necessary by this paradigmatic shift in our understanding of what knowledge is. The implications of this new theory will be considered through a comparison of current trends in the field of ID with a model of ID as imagined under the social-constructivist paradigm set forth by Cook and Brown (1999) and Lave and Wenger (1999).
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Chapter 8
Risk and Benefit of Effective Techniques and Technologies in Education: A Historical Overview
It considers learning as an expression of mind in its processes and psycho-dynamic conditions. Teachers/authors are responsible in assisting learners, organizing information in an optimal way to be easily assimilated.
Published in Chapter: Risk and Benefit of Effective Techniques and Technologies in Education: A Historical Overview; From: Forecasting and Managing Risk in the Health and Safety Sectors
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Chapter 83
Designing Effective Computer-Based Learning Materials
It is concerned with what the learner is thinking in terms of processing information for storage and retrieval.
Published in Chapter: Designing Effective Computer-Based Learning Materials; From: Encyclopedia of Distance Learning, Second Edition
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Chapter 3
Assessment of Learning and Technology: Computer Science Education
A psychological paradigm that views learning information processing within the mind.
Published in Chapter: Assessment of Learning and Technology: Computer Science Education; From: Handbook of Research on Learning Outcomes and Opportunities in the Digital Age
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Chapter 5
Creating Supportive Multimedia Learning Environments
Is not an uncomplicated or solitary paradigm. Cognitive science is at the root of cognitivism. Learning takes place in cognitivism when a learner processes information that comes from the outside world by building a mental construct of the information.
Published in Chapter: Creating Supportive Multimedia Learning Environments; From: Handbook of Research on Human Performance and Instructional Technology
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Chapter 8
Collaborative Learning: Leveraging Concept Mapping and Cognitive Flexibility Theory
This epistemology treats conceptual understandings as a pattern of connections between similar elements (e.g., concepts) and learning as strengthening or weakening those connections (e.g., conceptual relations).
Published in Chapter: Collaborative Learning: Leveraging Concept Mapping and Cognitive Flexibility Theory; From: Handbook of Research on Collaborative Learning Using Concept Mapping
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Chapter 9
Understanding Adult Learners' Needs and Integrating Technology for Effective Online Education: Adult-Centered Approaches for Teaching and Learning
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Chapter 1
An Evaluative Framework for the Most Suitable Theory of Mobile Learning
Cognitivism gained momentum in the late 1950s as a counter attack towards behaviorism, which relied upon overt or observable behavior as the determinant of human learning. The cognitivists emphasized the role of internal mental processes and how mind works during the process of learning.
Published in Chapter: An Evaluative Framework for the Most Suitable Theory of Mobile Learning; From: Managing Social Media Practices in the Digital Economy
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Chapter 1
Learning and Teaching in the Modern Age
During the second half of the twentieth century, cognitive theories argue that learning should be defined as a way of storing and organising information, as it happens after an active, clear, and appropriate response to a stimulus.
Published in Chapter: Learning and Teaching in the Modern Age; From: EdTech Economy and the Transformation of Education
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Chapter 30
Redefining the Higher Education Landscape through Problem-Based Learning
Requires that students engage in the process of accessing prior knowledge, making connections between old and new concepts, and using them to construct theory.
Published in Chapter: Redefining the Higher Education Landscape through Problem-Based Learning; From: Handbook of Research on Teaching and Learning in K-20 Education
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Chapter 84
Designing Instruction for Successful Online Learning
It is concerned with what the learner is thinking in terms of processing information for storage and retrieval.
Published in Chapter: Designing Instruction for Successful Online Learning; From: Encyclopedia of Distance Learning, Second Edition
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Chapter 100
Towards a Framework for Evaluating ICT-Based Materials
Looks at human beings like a black box where the input of information produces some output. It has a positivist and reductionist approach to the analysis of knowledge phenomena and is persuaded that psychological events can be fully explained by experiments, measurements and the application of the scientific method.
Published in Chapter: Towards a Framework for Evaluating ICT-Based Materials; From: Encyclopedia of Information Communication Technology
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Chapter 31
Blended Learning Primer
A view of learning focusing on knowledge being formed by the acquisition or re-organization of symbolic mental constructions (schema). Learning is viewed as a three stage ‘information processing’ occurrence: input enters from the senses (sensory register), some of this input is transferred to short term memory (can be retained here longer through repeated rehearsal and chunking of material into meaningful parts) and then may be committed to Long-term memory.
Published in Chapter: Blended Learning Primer; From: Encyclopedia of Information Communication Technologies and Adult Education Integration
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Chapter 3
Interface Design
Cognitivism is the study in psychology that focuses on mental processes, including how people perceive, think, remember, learn, solve problems, and direct their attention to one stimulus rather than another.
Published in Chapter: Interface Design; From: Advanced Technology-Assisted Problem Solving in Engineering Education: Emerging Research and Opportunities
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