Search the World's Largest Database of Information Science & Technology Terms & Definitions
InfInfoScipedia LogoScipedia
A Free Service of IGI Global Publishing House
Below please find a list of definitions for the term that
you selected from multiple scholarly research resources.

What is Contraction and Convergence

Chapter 19
Handbook of Research on Global Indicators of Economic and Political Convergence
The Contraction and Convergence(C&C) approach was developed by the Global Commons Institute (GCI), an organization based in the UK, to deter the devastating CO 2 emission trends that are developing. With a long-term perspective on the distribution of rights and duties and their evolution over time, the C&C approach pursues the reduction of global CO2 emissions substantially (contraction) as well as the gradual equalisation of per capita CO2 emissions across countries (convergence). All parties participate in the emission-control regime (in the post-Kyoto period), with per capita emission permits converging to equal per capita levels over time. Under the C&C approach, all countries would collectively agree on a target for a stable CO 2 concentration in the atmosphere, to be reviewed annually, and then work out the rate at which current emissions must contract in order to reach this target.
Published in Chapter:
A Comparative Study on World-Wide Carbon Emission Convergence: An Empirical Analysis
Chhanda Mandal (Muralidhar Girls College, India) and Anita Chattopadhyay Gupta (Deshbandhu College for Girls, India)
Copyright: © 2016 |Pages: 18
DOI: 10.4018/978-1-5225-0215-9.ch019
Abstract
Environmental issue is one of the primary concerns in present global scenario for developed as well as developing countries and reducing the emission level of greenhouse gases is the common objective for all. Study of per capita carbon emission convergence is quite significant in the ongoing debate of climate change policy formulation and implementation as future emission level can only decide the incentive to shift to the clean technology. With a balanced panel of 79 countries and 50 years, over 1960-2009, we have tested for both sigma and beta convergence. The data exhibits a possible convergence in carbon emission. The countries are disaggregated twice, first into OECD and Non-OECD countries and then into five categories on the basis of income. OECD countries show absolute and conditional beta convergence, also with sigma convergence. Countries from lower income group have a lower degree of variability in dispersion in the time period being considered. The set of explanatory variables in this analysis are real GDP per capita, population growth rate and trade openness.
Full Text Chapter Download: US $37.50 Add to Cart
eContent Pro Discount Banner
InfoSci OnDemandECP Editorial ServicesAGOSR