What is Foundation Model

Large language models continue to find greater utilization in the academic publishing process since their introduction. On one hand they are beneficial in manuscript development, review and editorial tasks through finding and presenting information in an academic and professional manner. On the flip side there are concerns over the accuracy of the content they generate as well as the tendency for some authors to present these outputs in manuscripts without proper attribution leading to plagiarism. This chapter examines their practical uses and challenges, and makes recommendations on how their use can be mainstreamed in academic publishing. The chapter further makes recommendations on areas for their future development through the enhancement of foundational models using data from credible sources such as peer reviewed journals, books, and online sources of credible organizations.