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What is Function Words

Cutting-Edge Language and Literacy Tools for Students on the Autism Spectrum
Words that serve primarily a grammatical rather than a semantic function. Function words include articles (“a” and “the”), and connecting words like “and,” “but,” and “if”. Function words are difficult to teach, especially in isolation.
Published in Chapter:
In-Person Therapies for Language: Efficacy and Limitations
DOI: 10.4018/978-1-7998-9442-1.ch004
Abstract
This chapter reviews the major in-person therapies for autism. It begins with standard therapies like general speech-language therapy, applied behavioral analysis (ABA/DTT), and more naturalistic alternatives (DSP/DIR/Floor Time). It discusses how these therapies approach language and what the data show about their efficacy. It then turns to additional/supplemental strategies, including those that seek to boost attention to speech and others that use visual strategies like the picture exchange communication system (PECS). The chapter then describes other systematic approaches to instruction—direct instruction and precision teaching—discussing how these potentially contribute to language instruction. It concludes with a discussion of the shortcomings of the in-person methods, including limitations in eliciting appropriate practice, challenges providing appropriate feedback, deficiencies in curriculum coverage (particularly grammar and pragmatics), and difficulty providing effective instruction to non-speaking, nonverbal individuals.
Full Text Chapter Download: US $37.50 Add to Cart
More Results
A Critical Review of the Latest High-Tech Tools for Language Instruction
Words that serve primarily a grammatical rather than a semantic function. Function words include articles (“a” and “the”), and connecting words like “and,” “but,” and “if.” The more basic AAC tools do not include them.
Full Text Chapter Download: US $37.50 Add to Cart
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