Abstract
The current research discusses opportunities and challenges of knowledge-based urban development in Egypt, aims to monitor the actual opportunities provided by Egyptian policies for knowledge-based urban development, and highlights their most important challenges. The research relied on the impact assessment methodology, the opinion of some experts, analyzing secondary data, literature review, and statistical reports to track the paths of changes in knowledge-based development policies and their applications during the third millennium to reveal the most important challenges and constraints facing the experiences of knowledge cities and its precincts in the Egyptian society. The research concluded some recommendations to confront these challenges and push forward toward strengthening knowledge-based urban development in Egypt, based on what came from critical review f literature, theoretical perspectives, and policies and experiences of many countries of the world in this field.
Top1 Literature Review
The topic of transformation opportunities toward knowledge-based development and the challenges of knowledge-based urban development has got the interest of many researches; However, some of them addressed the benefits or goals, the second concerned with the expected and unexpected results, and the third was concerned with the opportunities and constraints that impede knowledge-based urban development efforts.
Key Terms in this Chapter
Economic Challenges: The economic return of scientific research and knowledge production, the dependence of national industries on foreign expertise, the expenditure poverty on research and development, and the difficulty of industry access to information.
Social and Culture Challenge and Constraints: The unbalanced development among governorates in terms of size, employment and distribution opportunities, the lag of the culture of science and technology, intellectual property rights, and poor infrastructure and information.
Social and Culture Development Opportunities: The system of higher education, the culture of innovation, entrepreneurship, and social safety nets.
Economic Development Opportunities: Employment and foreign investment opportunities, innovations and patents, and cooperation between universities, industries, and creators.