The Intersection of Ethics and Big Data: Addressing Ethical Concerns in Digital Age of Artificial Intelligence

1. Introduction

We are witnessing a phenomenal increase in the number of technologies that are associated with artificial intelligence. According to Ray Kurzweil, it is postulated that by about 2029, computers with AI will reach a level of cognitive ability that is comparable to that of humans. If we project this forward to 2045, for example, we will have increased the sum of the ability of humans, living organisms, and computers by an amount of a billion. The concept of massive data insights and the use of AI has gained prominence in recent times and has evolved into a thriving area of study that has garnered significant attention from both academics and professionals. The general availability of Big Data has increased alongside its expanding scope, particularly when the distribution of Big Data applications transitions to a perceptible mental approach (Needham, 2013; Sharma & Sood, 2022). As the number of individuals utilising several devices for connectivity increases, there is a corresponding rise in the interception and sharing of data. Artificial intelligence (AI) and the analysis of big data play a crucial role in the development and functioning of smart technology. Prominent examples of such systems include Google's engine for searching, Translate from Google, Amazon's Alexa virtual assistance, smartphones equipped with GPS tracking capabilities, medical and surgical robots, health and fitness software, energy-saving technologies, and numerous others. The increasing trend described has led to the development of novel research methodologies and protocols. However, it has also brought about significant shifts in societal norms and has generated debates concerning the ethical justifiability of research practices. The emergence of novel AI and massive data applications has sparked considerable interest towards ethical implications, particularly in relation to security as well as additional ethical considerations. Previous studies on AI have emphasized the importance of incorporating ethical considerations into the development and placement of AI technologies. These studies also highlight that AI systems can have significant societal impacts, and it is crucial to address ethical issues to ensure that these technologies are used responsibly and beneficially. However, AI ethics is an evolving field, and researchers are continuously adapting to address new challenges and concerns that emerge as AI technologies evolve. According to Boyd and Crawford (2012), there is a significant lack of understanding of the ethical issues that underlie the phenomenon of Big Data and AI. Given these circumstances, it is imperative to obtain a comprehensive comprehension of these issues and develop approaches to efficiently address them that encompass multiple stakeholders, especially the community at large. This approach is fundamental in order to ascertain that the advantages of these technologies surpass their drawbacks. These statements highlights the pressing necessity to engage in critical reflection, reconsideration, and reclamation of the authority associated with the expansive and ever-expanding field of 'Big Data' analysis (Dalton et al., 2016).This leads to the important question of how to balance benefits and downsides of such technologies. On the other hand, this subject has not been subjected to an adequate amount of investigation from either an academic or practical standpoint. The objective of this work is to perform a comprehensive review of existing literature in order to examine and analyse the difficulties associated with the convergence of artificial intelligence (AI) and Big Data values. Furthermore, in light of the evolving technologies and rapid globalisation, which are leading to the obsolescence of traditional paradigms, there is an imperative to comprehend the intricacies of Artificial Intelligence (AI) and Big Data. This chapter presents a series of investigative tasks for consideration.

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  This paper aims to elucidate the implications of the converging of massive amounts of data and Artificial Intelligence (AI) in posing challenges to human beings.

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  In order to gain comprehension regarding the ethical considerations that arise as a result of the use of AI and applications based on big data.