Abstract
Invasion, terrorist attacks, drone strikes, insurgency and counterinsurgency, civil strife, and foreign intervention have already spread around the world, but war is now spreading and intensifying in a new form waged across digital networks: cyberwar. This war is fought through the use of computers and the internet. Today, the central part of organizational activities has been converted to digital format. Cybercriminals are continually developing new attack types, tools, and strategies that enable them to access settings that are more complicated or well-controlled, do more harm, and even remain undiscovered. This chapter discusses the history of cyber war, its emergence, and the different forms of cyberattacks and various repercussions of cybercrime, including its influence on the health of organizations, the psychological and social threats it poses to workers, and other outcomes. Cybercrime is defined and exposed by specialist literature.
TopIntroduction
Cyber refers to the characteristics of the culture of computers, Information technology (IT) and virtual reality. It includes electronics, digital, Internet, web, communication networks, online services etc. Today in the world of computers, it has become essential for corporate sectors and government organizations to move from conventional computing systems to the cyber system. Thus, we can say that we all are surrounded by and dependent on the continued availability, confidentiality and accuracy of Information and Communication Technologies. But there are many vulnerabilities to penetrate and attack in cyber systems due to a lack of awareness and knowledge in this new emerging era. Attackers may use a different technique to harm a particular organization in different ways.
Key Terms in this Chapter
Self-Efficacy: Self-efficacy is defined as the appraisal of what one can accomplish with abilities rather than the skills themselves.
Online Disinhibition Effect: People say and do things in cyberspace that they would not normally say or do in the offline (face-to-face) world.
Learned Helplessness: Learned helplessness is a condition that develops after repeated exposure to unpleasant situations. They come to feel that they cannot control or alter the situation, therefore they do not attempt to do so when opportunities arise.
Locus of Control: The locus of control seeks to describe whether individuals believe they have a strong influence over their lives (internal locus of control) or must depend on other causes (external locus of control).
Cyberwar: Cyber War is described as a collection of acts undertaken by a nation or organization to target the computer network systems of other nations or institutions with the purpose of disrupting, damaging, or destroying infrastructure through the use of computer viruses or denial-of-service assaults.
Cybercrime: A cybercrime is a crime committed through a computer or computer network. The computer might have been used to conduct the crime, or it could be the intended victim.
Sabotage: The sensitivity of the information held by government institutions and the potential consequences of its loss must be evaluated.
Espionage: It is the act of spying on other nations in order to get their trade secrets.
Phishing: Phishing is an effort to get sensitive information such as login, password, credit card data, pin code, account number, or unique id by impersonating a trustworthy institution.
DDoS: In attacks known as distributed denial of service, the attackers render the resources unavailable to the users who are allowed to access them.