As the global aviation network expands, the urgent need to minimize flight delays becomes increasingly evident, given the potential disruptions and costs associated with delays exceeding 15 minutes. This survey investigates the crucial role of artificial intelligence (AI) in mitigating flight delays by enhancing traffic flow management, reducing congestion, and thereby improving operational efficiency and passenger satisfaction. AI-driven systems demonstrate significant promise, with initial findings indicating notable reductions in delays, operational enhancements, and enhanced passenger experiences. In addition to addressing immediate operational challenges, AI presents opportunities for long-term planning, safety improvements, and sustainable practices. This study explores innovative strategies for minimizing delays, enhancing safety, and fostering a more sustainable aviation ecosystem. It highlights the transformative impact of AI in a globally significant industry, emphasizing the ongoing importance of research and implementation in this vital domain.
TopIntroduction
The modern world relies on the seamless functioning of the aviation industry for global connectivity and economic prosperity. However, the persistent issue of flight delays threatens this vital sector. If a flight is late by more than 15 minutes then it is said to be delayed. To address this challenge, this comprehensive review delves into the revolutionary potential of Artificial Intelligence (AI) in the context of Air Traffic Flow Management (ATFM). By harnessing AI's capabilities, we explore the promise of proactively mitigating airspace congestion, enhancing operational efficiency, and improving passenger satisfaction. Flight delays can occur due to multiple factors, such as weather-related conditions, air traffic control and congestion, and mechanical issues.
Weather
Adverse weather conditions are a leading cause of flight delays. Thunderstorms, heavy snow, fog, high winds, and other meteorological phenomena can make it unsafe or difficult for aircraft to take off or land. Weather-related delays are often beyond the control of airlines and are typically managed by air traffic control or airport authorities.
Air Traffic Control (ATC) Congestion
Air traffic congestion and capacity issues, both in the air and on the ground, can lead to significant flight delays. Overcrowded airspace, limited runway availability, and ATC system inefficiencies can result in aircraft being held on the ground or in the air, waiting for clearance to take off or land. Delays due to ATC congestion are particularly common at busy airports or during peak travel times.
Aircraft Mechanical Issues
Mechanical problems with the aircraft are another primary cause of flight delays. Airlines prioritize passenger safety, and if an aircraft experiences technical issues, it may need to be taken out of service for repairs. This can result in flight delays as the airline works to address the problem and ensure the aircraft's airworthiness.
Through a systematic examination of AI-driven solutions, this study aims to uncover the transformative impact AI can have on delay reduction, safety enhancement, and long-term sustainability within the civil aviation industry. Multiple literature works have been reviewed to learn how we can optimize different activities that aircraft go through, such as approach, landing, taxi, and take-off, as well as literature reviews concerning the prediction of flight delay using historical data. The results hold the potential not only to alleviate operational challenges but also pave the way for a more efficient, secure, and sustainable aviation ecosystem.
Background
The ever-expanding aviation network underscores the paramount importance of mitigating delays for enhanced passenger satisfaction, operational efficiency, and global economic interconnectedness. In light of existing industry challenges, innovative solutions are imperative. Artificial Intelligence (AI) presents the potential to redefine safety protocols, alleviate congestion, and bolster sustainability. This literature review endeavors to explore AI's transformative role. Its findings hold the promise of more dependable air travel, substantial economic advantages, and safer skies, rendering it of profound significance for industry stakeholders and the wider public alike.