Surveillance refers to the systematic gathering, examination, and distribution of findings with the aim of averting or stopping undesirable events. Surveillance provides us with information on the nature and extent of our problems, the areas where solutions should be focused, the effectiveness of our remedies, and if there is progress or decline over time. Surveillance is crucial for effectively implementing and maintaining public health interventions aimed at prevention. This book focuses on the recent surveillance systems and technologies, and is intended for researchers, undergraduate and postgraduate students, and people working in industries who are interested in knowing the latest trends in this field.