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In recent years, knowledge has been widely recognized as a critical resource for organizational competitiveness. As a result, there has been a significant increase in the adoption of KM within organizations (McClelland et al., 2014). There has been increasing recognition of knowledge as one of the most important organizational assets (Islam et al., 2015). Furthermore, knowledge has also been described as a key prerequisite for the advancement of organizations and a key factor in organizational success (Wu & Hu, 2018). As Hanifah et al. (2021) notes, knowledge is the key to organizational productivity, ahead of capital, labor, and production. Nowadays, organizations measure their self-worth in terms of the importance of knowledge assets (Huang et al., 2012), as well as knowledge is considered dynamic and fluid and is also called “knowledge in action” (Rix & Lièvre, 2008).
KM involves a holistic process that includes creating, disseminating, sharing, and utilizing both new and existing knowledge. It also consists of the identification, storage, and evaluation of the impact of knowledge on organizational performance. This process is essential for improving the efficiency and effectiveness of an organization (Cheng & Leong, 2017). KM involves identifying, acquiring, retrieving, sharing, and evaluating all business information assets including databases, documentation, policies, and procedures, as well as implicit and explicit knowledge (Santoro et al., 2018). Organizations adopting a strategic approach to KM can more effectively utilize their knowledge assets to drive performance and achieve their goals. KM is a critical component of organizational success, as it helps organizations to make the most of their collective knowledge and expertise, enabling them to operate more efficiently and effectively (Valmohammadi, 2017). In addition to its strategic role in driving organizational performance, KM also serves a supporting function by helping organizations to convert their resources into capabilities. KM is crucial to an organization's success (Kianto et al., 2016).