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"Risk Management in Aviation: The Challenge of Discrimination" offered for open access for the month of December

Faulty Design Costs Trillions of Dollars, and Sometimes Even Lives

By IGI Global on Dec 2, 2014
Contributed by Captain Kevin Smith, Editor, IJASOT

Faulty Design Costs Trillions Of Dollars, And Sometimes Even Lives The study of faulty design in human built systems, also referred to as human caused design errors, has reached a critical juncture. Insurance giant Munich Re recently calculated that between 2001 and 2011, more than $1.5 trillion have been spent in out-of-pocket expenses to cover faulty design in high-tech companies. Contributing to this high error rate is what software giant SAP refers to as the “Quagmire of Complexity”- where complexity is a primary detriment in influencing escalating costs and obstructing company growth. Complexity costs are enormous: the 200 biggest companies in the world spend over $237 billion a year on complexity costs alone, in turn reducing productive management time by an astounding 40%.

The problems initiated by human caused design errors become manifest when a particular functional aspect of a system does not meet important performance or safety standards- or both. These degraded functions can be further characterized as falling into one of three categories.

Category One: Fault is where a major function is clearly wrong or dangerous; often these cases are handled by a safety recall or other directives.

Category Two: Fault is a bit less obvious and is created when a function that should be performed, due to the nature of the operation, is not. This is often due to a serious omission in the creation of the design requirements package. In this case, the operator is forced to formulate ad-hoc work-around procedures to overcome this design error and still accomplish the mission.

Category Three: Fault is where all functional aspects of the system appear to perform well, but the operator interface is confusing and overly complex, such that operator error would frequently occur.

Effective solutions that apply to these categories and this “fault & complexity” problem are difficult to conceptualize. This is because, as software giant SAP notes, the technological landscape of today is populated with technological silos that lack convergent technology features, delivering to the user discrete data capsules instead of mission essential informational packages with easy opening features. This higher-order functionality is often referred to as display features that automatically adapt themselves to changing operational conditions. We at IJASOT believe that these easy-opening features can and should be automatic.

The International Journal of Aviation Systems, Operations and Training (IJASOT) is committed to addressing this “system fault / complexity” problem head on. In the latest issue of IJASOT, readers will find compelling articles on some especially important aspects of Operational Decision Making (ODM). ODM is singular among all other classes of decisions and contains a number of unique components, not least of which is that the decision must be performed under increased time compression.

In the article "Risk Management in Aviation: The Challenge of Discrimination," design teams and managers will find much useful information on important aspects of non-linear problem solving in large scale dynamic systems. This article can help jump start the process by which highly effective decision aids and performance aids can be designed, which can go a long way in avoiding the “quagmire of complexity” as well as avoiding altogether fielding of systems with faulty performance features. Faulty performance features often stem from the expectation by design teams that evoking procedures solves most operational problems. This belief, while largely popular, happens to be incorrect; consequently, many system features, while possessing the potential to directly support the decision making process, do not. But proper planning and application can combat human caused design errors; saving money, time, and most importantly, lives.

Access "Risk Management in Aviation: The Challenge of Discrimination" here.

This article is one of the thousands available on IGI Global's InfoSci®-OnDemand, which allows full-text searching through IGI Global's entire collection of research articles, book chapters, and teaching cases.

IGI Global is now offering FREE lifetime e-access with all print Journal subscriptions. Purchases must be made directly through the IGI Global Online Bookstore or through a distributor. Purchase any print or electronic publication directly through the IGI Global Online Bookstore and receive a 20% discount* applied directly to your shopping cart. Offer also includes individual book chapters, journal articles, and teaching cases purchased through InfoSci®-ONDemand, IGI Global’s premier bibliographic database which allows you to search, select, and download the content you need, when you need it. 20% discount offer cannot be combined with any other offer. Discount offer valid on purchases made directly through IGI Global’s Online Bookstore (www.igi-global.com) and may not be used by distributors or book sellers. Contact cust@igi-global.com for additional information.


Faulty Design Costs TrillionsCaptain Kevin M. Smith, U. S. Navy (Ret.), is an Aviator, Author and Speaker and a recognized expert in the field of Critical Thinking.

Captain Smith's distinguished military career included holding many important positions such as Squadron Commander deployed in the USS Constellation; Senior Instructor Pilot; “Top Gun” Instructor, and recognized expert in Air Combat Operations. Captain Smith has over four thousand hours of military flight time, mostly in supersonic front line fighters.

Captain Smith has received numerous military awards including the prestigious Meritorious Unit Commendation recognizing his exceptional performance as Squadron Commander. He holds degrees in Electrical Engineering and Mathematics, and is a distinguished graduate of the U. S. Naval Aviation Academy.

Captain Smith is currently the Editor-In-Chief of the International Journal of Aviation Systems, Operations, and Training; published by IGI-Global. He is also co-author of the forthcoming title Mission Adaptive Display Technologies and Operational Decision Making in Aviation.


Ann Lupold, Promotions Coordinator
alupold@igi-global.com
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