What is Waste-to-Energy

Solid waste management (SWM) is a challenge in developing countries such as the Republic of South Africa (RSA). This book chapter highlights the drivers and state of SWM in RSA and suggests alternatives to make solid waste a resource. The SWM strategy of the country has a role in pushing waste up its hierarchy towards minimal generation, reuse, and recycling through extended producer responsibility and economic instruments. However, the lack of an all-inclusive planning and management has challenged the success of these initiatives. In recognition of these flaws, the private sector is teaming up with the government and individuals to bridge service and value chains in sustainable SWM by formalising waste pickers, initiating waste-to-energy initiatives, promoting recycling at all stages of the waste cycle, and adopting practices that divert wastes from landfills. These initiatives if taken up will promote better economic turnover through the production of alternative energy, environmental conservation, and creation of employment opportunities in RSA.