An urban heat island (UHI) is a an atmospheric phenomenon due to high built up density and low vegetation cover the incoming solar radiation is trapped within the urban boundary layer of the atmosphere leading to the formation of a higher air and temperature over the urban centre in comparison to its rural surroundings.
Published in Chapter:
Synergy Between Air Quality, Various Urban Forms, and Land Surface Temperature: A Case Study of Kolkata Metropolitan Area
Abira Dutta Roy (Bankura Zilla Saradamani Mahila Mahavidyapith, India), Munni Debnath Parial (Adamas University, India), and Kasturi Mukherjee (Adamas University, India)
Copyright: © 2020
|Pages: 34
DOI: 10.4018/978-1-7998-0369-0.ch024
Abstract
This chapter studies spatio temporal trends of air quality, its relation with urban forms, and Land Surface Temperature (LST) in Kolkata Metropolitan Area, the world's 55th most polluted city according to the World Health Organization. Air quality data were procured from 34 monitoring stations operated by West Bengal Pollution Control Board for 2005-18. Trend analysis showed declining NO2, SO2 values but a rise in PM10 concentration. Interpolation analysis showed high concentration of pollutants along the Hugli industrial belt, Dhulagarh, and Kolkata Municipal Corporation Area. Urban forms such as built-up density, distances from water bodies, parks, and bus stops demonstrated their reasonable influence on air pollution condition. LST generated from Landsat Thermal Infrared bands showed increase in temperature conditions from 2005-2018. Positive Correlation was identified between Land surface temperature and air pollution. Their relationship was assessed to have become stronger over the decades.