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What is G-Protein Coupled Receptor (GPCR)

Chapter 9
Medical Cannabis and the Effects of Cannabinoids on Fighting Cancer, Multiple Sclerosis, Epilepsy, Parkinson's, and Other Neurodegenerative Diseases
G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) are essential membrane proteins that cells employ to transform extracellular signals into intracellular reactions. These include reactions to hormones and neurotransmitters as well as reactions to signals from the senses of sight, smell, and taste.
Published in Chapter:
Pros and Cons of Cannabinoids as a Potential Therapeutic Target for Treating Parkinson's Disease: Cannabinoid Receptor-Mediated Mechanism of Action
Mahesh Pattabhiramaiah (Bangalore University, India), Shanthala Mallikarjunaiah (Bangalore University, India), and Baishali Bedi Sarma (Bangalore University, Bangalore)
Copyright: © 2023 |Pages: 18
DOI: 10.4018/978-1-6684-5652-1.ch009
Abstract
Medical marijuana or cannabis is a psychedelic drug composed of highly lipophilic tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) and cannabidiol (CBD) components derived from the plant C. sativa and C. indica. Parkinson's disease (PD), in which interactivity of biochemical and cellular signaling pathways induces endogenous cannabinoid system, a neuromodulatory system, transmits specific physiological effects when coupled with G-protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) via type 1 cannabinoid receptor (CB1) and type 2 cannabinoid receptor (CB2). Much recent research indicates that interactions between the cannabis system and dopamine in the basal ganglia area diminish levodopa-induced dyskinesia (LID) and other symptoms. Due to the limited number of pharmacological treatment options presently available for PD, in-depth research with clinical trials are crucial in the search for molecules with therapeutic potential studies in a wide range of epidemiological work for PD to increase neural transmission. This chapter reviews the mode of action of cannabinoids in PD.
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