What is Private Key Cryptography

In today's world, sensitive information like secret message, financial transaction, medical report, personal information is transferred over public communication channel. Since the advancement of communication begins, data security becomes a massive problem. The increasing rate of eavesdropping over communication channel leads the introduction of cryptography algorithm for data transmission. Different traditional cryptographic technique is adopted worldwide for protected data transmission. The recent advancement on this field is DNA based cryptography. This chapter describes the application of DNA as computational tool after the exposure of its capability was discovered by Leonard M. Adleman in 1994. Its random nature also helps the cryptography algorithm to become unbreakable. Conventional cryptography methods are sometimes susceptible to attack by the intruder. Therefore the idea of using codon based DNA as a computational tool is used in this cryptography method as an alternative method that fetches new hope in communication technology.