What is Wide Area Monitoring System

This chapter presents different techniques for obtaining the optimal number of the phasor measurement units (PMUs) that may be installed in a smart power grid to achieve full network observability under fault conditions. These optimization techniques such as binary teaching learning based optimization (BTLBO) technique, particle swarm optimization, the grey wolf optimizer (GWO), the moth-flame optimization (MFO), the cuckoo search (CS), and the wind-driven optimization (WDO) have been developed for the objective function and constraints alike. The IEEE 14-bus benchmark power system has been used for testing these optimization techniques by simulation. A comparative study of the obtained results of previous works in the literature has been conducted taking into count the simplicity of the model and the accuracy of characteristics.