What is Mineralization

Continuous release of contaminants into the environment and their toxic effects on the living world prompted public and scientific interests in the remediation of pollutants. The release of toxic pollutants not only hinders the soil environments but also disturbs the aquatic environments. The hindrance in soil and aquatic environments causes a serious warning to the productive environment and food security. Thus, excluding and counteracting the pollutants from the environment is necessary to develop a safe and productive environment. Currently, numerous techniques are used to remediate contaminants from the environment; moreover, nanoparticles are one of such most widely used techniques for environmental clean-up. This chapter briefly discusses the need for environmental remediation and nanoparticles for environmental clean-up, especially soil and water. Additionally, the complications and current research trends of using nanoparticles in environmental remediation are briefly discussed for determining future research prospects.