This is the coefficient that takes into account environmental differences. When the external conditions increase the evaporation of the irrigation zone, there are high microclimatic conditions and K m =1 – 1,4, when the microclimatic conditions are medium, K m =1 and; finally, when the microclimatic conditions are low, K m =0,5 – 1.
Published in Chapter:
The Water Cycle in the Smart Cities Environment
Eduardo J. López-Fernández (Universidad CEU San Pablo, Spain), Francisco Alonso-Peralta (Technical University of Madrid, Spain), Gastón Sanglier-Contreras (Universidad CEU San Pablo, Spain), and
Roberto A. González-Lezcano (Universidad CEU San Pablo, Spain)
Copyright: © 2020
|Pages: 29
DOI: 10.4018/978-1-7998-3817-3.ch006
Abstract
This chapter analyses the urban water cycle in the smarts cities, describes the current situation, which constitutes a valid but outdated knowledge, adopting the perspective of improving and extending the measures that lead to greater efficiency of the water collection, treatment, supply, sewage, purification, and reuse systems at all stages of the water cycle: the sites, construction, operation, and maintenance of the networks and systems that enable the cycle to be completed effectively. The process of converting a city into smart city includes resources, processes, and services, and all stages of the water cycle are a set of processes, with water as a fundamental resource, which condition the different services to citizens, and therefore, it is necessary to try to establish efficiency improvements in all of them.