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What is Low Density Regions

Chapter 11
Analyzing Sustainability in Peripheral, Ultra-Peripheral, and Low-Density Regions
Regions displaying low demographic density (population per square kilometer) as well as weak economic density (GDP per capita, economic developments levels), both below national and European levels. Low density regions often combine these characteristics with physical and relational distance to centers of decision-making.
Published in Chapter:
Valuing Forest Ecosystem Services in Portugal: A Literature Review
José Victorino Cristiano do Rosário (Centre for Transdisciplinary Development Studies (CETRAD), University of Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro, Portugal) and Lívia Madureira (Centre for Transdisciplinary Development Studies (CETRAD), University of Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro, Portugal)
Copyright: © 2022 |Pages: 21
DOI: 10.4018/978-1-6684-4548-8.ch011
Abstract
The national literature on forest ecosystem valuation is scarce and little is known about how important the valuation of forest ecosystem services and their internalization in low density regions of Portugal are. Hence, there is a need for technicians, academics, and researchers to mitigate this knowledge gap through further research in this area. The chapter is a literature review with the objective of systematizing and synthesizing the knowledge produced in the period between 1992 and 2021 with regard to estimates of the economic value of forest ecosystem services in Portugal as well as finding evidence that relates the mechanisms of internalization of externalities in the sustainable development of low-density regions. A meta-regression was estimated, and the results indicate 220 international dollar/hectare/year in 2019 (190 euros/hectare/year) for forest ecosystem services in Portugal. Payment mechanisms for non-market forest ecosystem are still at an embryonic stage, which does not allow an accurate measurement of their real contribution to the sustainability of low-density regions.
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Chapter 10
Proximity and Cooperation for Innovative Regional Development: The Case of the Science and Technology Park of Alentejo
Regions displaying low demographic density (population per square kilometer) as well as weak economic density (GDP per capita, economic developments levels), both below national and European levels. Low density regions often combine these characteristics with physical and relational distance to centers of decision-making.
Published in Chapter: Proximity and Cooperation for Innovative Regional Development: The Case of the Science and Technology Park of Alentejo; From: Handbook of Research on Entrepreneurial Development and Innovation Within Smart Cities
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