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What is Laser Scanning

Chapter 26
Handbook of Research on Seismic Assessment and Rehabilitation of Historic Structures
System that massively collects the coordinates of surrounding objects in a very short period of time and with a significantly geometric precision by using LiDAR technology.
Published in Chapter:
Laser Scanning for the Evaluation of Historic Structures
Belen Riveiro (University of Vigo, Spain), Borja Conde-Carnero (University of Vigo, Spain), and Pedro Arias-Sánchez (University of Vigo, Spain)
Copyright: © 2015 |Pages: 29
DOI: 10.4018/978-1-4666-8286-3.ch026
Abstract
In the last times, laser scanning is being massively used to perform reverse engineering of different built-up structures, both modern and historic ones, providing detailed geometry. This chapter presents an introduction to the technology so topics like the physic fundamentals of laser scanners, instrumentation (static and mobile platforms) and the advantages of each method. This chapter aims to illustrate the optimal application of laser scanning to the field of structural engineering in order to ease the adoption of the technology by engineers outside of the geomatic domain. The chapter presents a review of different case studies where laser scanning allowed very precise and very detailed geometric characterization of historic structures in order to obtain an objective diagnosis of their current state. Also, methodologies that permit the implementation of laser scanning products in structural calculation will be shown. Finally, up-to-date trends, mainly related to automatic and intelligent processing, of laser scanning data in historic structures are discussed.
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Chapter 5
Comparative Study of Graphic Representation Methods on Architectural Heritage
Data Collection of real-world objects by 3D scanner devices to construct a digital three-dimensional model.
Published in Chapter: Comparative Study of Graphic Representation Methods on Architectural Heritage; From: Handbook of Research on Emerging Digital Tools for Architectural Surveying, Modeling, and Representation
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Chapter 2
The Surveying and Representation Process Applied to Architecture: Non-Contact Methods for the Documentation of Cultural Heritage
Is a method of massive automatic capturing of 3d points at fixed intervals. The scanner is used to create a “point cloud” of the object's surface. These points can then be applied to extrapolate the surface of complex object. The devices emit an electromagnetic pulse (laser) and receive the signal reflected by the surface. This way allows one to measure the time lapsed between emitting the beam and its return to the instrument, and thus the distance between the instrument and the scanned point. Laser scanners are capable of capturing a large amount of data in a short time generating a very large set of points distributed on the scanned object with a spacing that depends on the degree of accuracy to be achieved. Each point is characterized by five types of information: the three numerical values of x,y,z coordinates; the RGB value used to map the color information in the photograph taken by the scanner to the point; the reflectance, another RGB value which corresponds to the quantity of energy emitted by the instrument that returns after striking the scanner surface.
Published in Chapter: The Surveying and Representation Process Applied to Architecture: Non-Contact Methods for the Documentation of Cultural Heritage; From: Handbook of Research on Emerging Digital Tools for Architectural Surveying, Modeling, and Representation
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Chapter 18
Digitization of Cultural Heritage: The Farnese Theatre in Parma
Non-contact survey technique that digitally captures the shape of physical objects using a laser beam. The laser scanner provides a 3D point cloud of the surveyed object, from which metrical and chromatic information can be obtained.
Published in Chapter: Digitization of Cultural Heritage: The Farnese Theatre in Parma; From: Handbook of Research on Implementing Digital Reality and Interactive Technologies to Achieve Society 5.0
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Chapter 9
Automated Building Process Monitoring
The process of shining a structured laser line over the surface of an object in order to collect 3-dimensional data.
Published in Chapter: Automated Building Process Monitoring; From: Handbook of Research on Building Information Modeling and Construction Informatics: Concepts and Technologies
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