Abstract
Due to significant developments in medical science and technology, medicine, and growing public awareness of personal, environmental, and dietary cleanliness as well as education and nutrition, life expectancy has significantly increased over the past few decades. As a result, it is projected that many countries' elderly populations will increase rapidly in the next years. It is projected that the costs associated with an aging population's health and well-being will negatively affect the socioeconomic systems of many nations. Furthermore, diseases that affect the skin, eyes, heart, mind, and respiratory system are prevalent globally. Ongoing observation, however, can prevent and/or effectively treat most of these disorders. This chapter will address the effectiveness of mobile devices now have more sophisticated sensors that we can utilize to quickly and readily identify illness.
Top1. Introduction
The number of patients utilizing healthcare services greatly impacted by the growing use of smart mobile devices. In 2013, there were 35,000 patients who used mobile devices; by 2018, there were 7 million. RPMs therefore have a big effect on patients across several domains. As per survey it has been examined that how RPM systems affect patients who have spinal cord injuries (SCI). The survey's findings indicate that PM systems have a significant impact on controlling or preventing complications for SCI patients, and they should be taken into account while planning therapy (El-Rashid et. al.,2021). Various computing gadgets have been developed recently to guarantee efficiency in telemedicine and healthcare and to provide solutions. Particularly with the convergence of technologies that provided miniaturized devices and improvements in areas of data transmission speed, affordability, convergence, portability, personalization, collaboration, and cloud storage, information technology and telemedicine devices have brought about significant changes that were needed in the healthcare environments (Anikwe et. al., 2022).
People are now constantly monitored via sensors. Mobile phones are packed with sensors that measure a variety of things, like position, movement, social interaction or communication, light, sound, nearby digital devices, and more (Mohr et. al., 2017).
At the invited mHealth Evidence Workshop at NIH on August 16, 2011, scientists, policymakers, technologists, health professionals, and representatives from funding and regulatory agencies came together to discuss how to generate evidence for mHealth research that has a solid theoretical and empirical base (Kumar et. al., 2013).
Figure 1. Mobile and wearable sensors for health Detection
Top2. Literature Review
Recent studies have shed light on significant trends in healthcare technology across various domains including cognitive rehabilitation (Kaushik et al., 2023), cardiovascular disease management, stress detection, and IoT applications. Notably, the integration of AI tools with IoT devices has played a crucial role in cognitive cardiac rehabilitation, personalized healthcare through brain-computer interfacing in home automation systems, and the development of intelligent cardiovascular disease classifiers for secure platforms. Furthermore, research has delved into stress detection methods to aid cognitive rehabilitation during the COVID-19 pandemic, alongside utilizing EEG-based smart advisor bots for stress monitoring during gaming sessions. The convergence of IoT and AI technologies is also evident in applications such as solar-powered agriculture robots and emotion detection using generative adversarial networks, illustrating the diverse range of advancements shaping the future of healthcare delivery. Health sensing raises a number of important questions. First, the sensors need to offer good precision without interfering with people's comfort or safety. Simultaneously, because to human wear, a multitude of noises resulting from body movements need to be effectively handled in order to minimize false alarms. Finally, distinct health or disease signals typically call for distinct instruments and sensing technologies. This study conducted an assessment on the state of the art of health sensing technologies using body sensor networks and mobile phones in order to elucidate the technological benefits that solve these problems and diversities. Related works, such as those for fall detection, gait analysis, activity qualification, heart state sensing, and sleep sensing, are categorized according to their application purposes (Wannenburg et. al., 2015). This paper describes a new approach using mobile sensor networks for structural health monitoring. Compared with static sensors, mobile sensor networks offer flexible system architectures with adaptive spatial resolutions. The paper first describes the design of a mobile sensing node that is capable of manoeuvring on structures built with ferromagnetic materials. The mobile sensing node can also attach/detach an accelerometer onto/from the structural surface. The performance of the prototype mobile sensor network has been validated through laboratory experiments (Sog et. al., 2014).
Key Terms in this Chapter
Social Economy: The health sector engages in interactions with other sectors of the socioeconomic system as part of the integrated process of socioeconomic development. Without taking into account the reciprocal causal relationships between health and other socioeconomic sectors, planning for health care cannot be done in an efficient manner.
IoT: The term Internet of Things (IoT) describes a network of real-world things, such as cars, appliances, and other machinery, that are integrated with software, sensors, and network connectivity to enable data collection and sharing.
Mobile Computing: The term “mobile computing” refers to human-computer interaction in which a computer is meant to be portable during regular use and enable data transmission, including audio and video. Mobile hardware, mobile software, and mobile communication are all part of mobile computing.
Dramatically: How successfully a health system accomplishes its three ultimate goals health status, citizen satisfaction, and financial risk protection—as well as its three intermediate goals access, efficiency, and quality of care is a key indicator of its performance.
Sensor: A sensor, in its widest sense, is an apparatus, module, machine, or subsystem that is able to recognize events or modifications in its surroundings and relay that information to other electronic devices, most often a computer processor.
Substantial: Sustainability in the context of health care refers to the long-term support of resilient, equitable, and healthy environments and communities through the combination of social justice, environmental stewardship, and fiduciary responsibility.
Health Monitoring: In order to inform the public health policy process, public or population health monitoring is the routine collecting of data on pertinent aspects of health and its determinants in the population or in samples thereof.
Smart Healthcare: A smart healthcare system connects people, resources, and healthcare-related institutions while actively managing and intelligently responding to the demands of the medical ecosystem. It does this by utilizing technologies like wearables, the Internet of Things, and mobile internet to dynamically access information.