1.1 Universal Health Coverage (UHC)
The World is full of diversification and it is diversified on the basis of color, gender, culture, income and status but the one thing that remains the same and never diversified is health Issues and diseases. World Health Coverage is the only emerging strategy that covers complete humans in the world, which will directly benefit not only citizens of every country but indirectly manpower of all levels of organizations and UHC is a hopeful aim of health service with sustainable development goal (SDG). According to the United Nation office for outer space affairs SDG-3 looks to guarantee health and prosperity for all, at each phase of life. UHC implies that all persons and communities obtain the health facilities without facing financial problems. It covers the full range of necessary, value health facilities, from health support to prevention, health treatment, rehabilitation, and palliative care (the people surviving with a critical illness and they need specialized medical care) across the lifetime. Health care is an essential right that isn't restricted to specific special income clusters of people or segments of individuals and this is the theoretical basis of UHC (Nygren-Krug 2019). Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) target 3.8 is characterized as Delivering ‘approach to secure, efficient, value and reasonable necessary drugs and vaccines for all’ remains fundamentals embedded from the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development (United Nations, 2015, p. 16).
There are 2 Criteria which have been selected to watch the target 3.8 in SDG Structure. And these two indicators are classified on the basic health facilities and health expenditure.
Criteria 3.8.1: This indicator covers health service, which is functionalized with a list that consolidates sixteen health services as reproductive, maternal and child health, communicable diseases, non-transmissible diseases, and service capacity and access into a single summary metric.
Criteria 3.8.2: This indicator centers on health expenditures in subject with family budget to distinguish monetary difficulty brought about by direct medical services payments.
Criteria 3.8.1 and 3.8.2 collectively are intended to cover the facility coverage scope and financial security scope, in that order, of target 3.8. These 2 Criteria can never be monitored separately.
The attainment of UHC is only possible when the public really get medical facilities they require an advantage from financial risk security. On the second side, access is the chance or capability to do both of these things. Subsequently, UHC is unimaginable without all inclusive access, yet the two are not something very similar. Reach of UHC has three aspects: (Tanahashi, 1978; Penchansky& Thomas, 1981; Shengelia, Tandon, Adams, & Murray, 2005; ThiedeAkweongo, McIntyre, 2007)
- 1.
Reach approach: Efficient health service accessibility must be reached reasonably as clinic and hospital opening time, consultation process and other aspects of service organization and delivery that permit individuals to get the facilities when they need them.
- 2.
Affordability of service: Indicator 3.8.2 mentions that UHC provides financial freedom to people without thinking about their pocket capacity to. It must not only count the health service cost but also count that cost which will be incurred indirectly on health services (e.g. traveling cost for treatment and loss of absence from work during treatment).
- 3.
Willingness: This catches individuals' ability to look for services. Agreeableness is short when patients see service to be ineffectual or when social and social factors, for example, language or the age, sex, identity or religion of the facility provider deter them from looking for facilities.
According to the World Bank (2019), for all nations in the world human resource is a very important asset and UHC permits nations to benefit as much as possible from their most grounded resource: human capital. Supporting health addresses a basic interest in human capital and in Economic growth. Health is necessary for all; it may be children, adults and older. It cannot be neglected because it is considered as one of the global economy’s major contribution sectors and gives 50 million jobs opportunities, with the larger part held by women.