UAVs for Multidisciplinary Applications: Introduction

UAVs for Multidisciplinary Applications: Introduction

Govarthan R., Hariharan S., John Paul, Thusnavis Bella Mary, K. Martin Sagayam, Ahmed A. Elngar
Copyright: © 2022 |Pages: 13
DOI: 10.4018/978-1-7998-8763-8.ch001
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Abstract

Unmanned vehicles/systems technology is an emerging technology in recent years. Unmanned vehicles play a more significant role in many civil and military applications, such as remote sensing, surveillance, precision agriculture, and rescue operations rather than manned systems. The UAVs can gather photographs faster and more accurately than satellite imagery, allowing for more accurate assessment. This study provides a comprehensive overview of UAV civil applications, including classification and requirements. Also encompassed are research trends, critical civil challenges, and future insights on UAVs.
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Motivation

Humans are always inspired by nature, which makes humans creative. The inventor was inspired by a small bird that is more capable of flying around swiftly. This inspired the invention of a small aircraft for military purposes. Later it emerged and advanced in both civil and military applications. Abraham Karem is widely known as the “Father of UAV” for his contribution to the development of drones. Initially adopted for military surveillance, with human interference. Currently, universities, government agencies, defense companies and private organizations are conducting immense research which has been widespread across various domains, including agriculture, disaster zone mapping, E-commerce, and hurricane forecasting and still more.

Features

  • 1.

    UAVs are highly enhancing devices in most because of their significant properties.

  • 2.

    It is cost-efficient and also user-friendly.

  • 3.

    It has an ability to fly in any climatic condition, so it is highly used during Calamities for surveillance and rescue.

  • 4.

    A simple drone is built using various electronics components like motors, propellers, batteries, transmitters and receivers, sensors and wings. Some more components are included depending on this purpose. The UAV follows the law of Thermodynamics and the laws of physics.

    • a.

      UAV has a wide range of applications across the domains.

    • b.

      Highly Capable Device with-friendly approach.

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Classification

UAVs can be classified on the basis of their performance characteristics. It is categorized on different parameters such as mass, durability, coverage area, velocity and wing loading. The price, wing span and height are also a few categories which can be considered to compare. Engine type and maximum power developed will be other categories which vary depending on its applications. These classes are narrowed by the survey. Furthermore, more classification can be done if we extend the usage in various applications. Classification by performance characteristics is useful for designers, manufacturers and customers because it enables these groups to attain their needs with the performance aspects of UAVs (Arjomandi et al., 2006).

  • Important Performance Characteristics

    • 1.

      Mass

    • 2.

      Durability and coverage area

    • 3.

      Height

    • 4.

      Wing Loading

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