Sustainable Developments of Hybrid Floating Solar Power Plants: Photovoltaic System

Solar Power Panel In Fspv

Solar photovoltaic systems generate electricity by absorbing light photons, releasing them, and separating the electrons from their atoms. Direct current (DC) power is produced through the conversion of light energy by smaller components known as solar photovoltaic cells. The photovoltaic solar power panel is shown in Figure 1. Before being used in a national or local grid, DC electricity generated by solar panels must be converted into safer, more reliable alternating current (AC) electricity. Sunlight is converted into power using polar PV cells. PV cells are made of carefully processed semiconductor material that combines the characteristics of an insulator and a metal. The PV cells' positively and negatively charged electric fields regulate the direction of electron flow. Silicon is a semiconductor material that is used in 90% of solar panels currently on the market. The crystal lattice structure of the silicon atoms contributes to the marketability of the material. Thin-film photovoltaics and organic photovoltaics are two more semiconductors used in solar cells. Photovoltaic cells make up the majority of the solar panel, which typically has 40 of them. A solar array can be created by connecting several solar panels together. For an array of solar panels to provide enough electricity to run a typical home, between 10 and 20 panels are needed. The two factors that most significantly affect a photovoltaic cell's performance are temperature and sun irradiation. Figure 1 below displays a graph outlining the properties of a PV cell functioning normally. The relationship between the current and voltage under the current conditions of temperature and solar irradiation can be determined using PV cell I-V characteristic curves (Solomin et al., 2021). How much of the energy captured by the PV cell will be transformed into electrical energy depends on a solar panel's efficiency. Various types of solar panel structures in FSPV are used to improve the efficiency of FSPV system (Figure 2).

Figure 1.

Schematic diagram of solar power panel