Surface Modification Techniques for Bio-Materials: An Overview

Surface Modification Techniques for Bio-Materials: An Overview

Thanigaivelan R., Satya Prakash, Maniraj S.
Copyright: © 2022 |Pages: 19
DOI: 10.4018/978-1-7998-9574-9.ch003
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Abstract

The increasing population demands materials with higher expectations associated to quality of life cropping up from an aging population. Recently there has been an ever-increasing search for novel biomaterials as the material needs for complex biomedical devices shoots up with time. This chapter discusses the different technology used for surface modification of material for biomedical applications. The surface modification process is generally used to obtain the antibacterial properties, antifouling, enhanced mechanical properties, reduced cytotoxicity, anti-inflammatory potential, improved hemocompatibility, and osseointegration capabilities. Various metallic materials are considered as biocompatible materials such as titanium alloys, stainless steel alloys, and magnesium alloys. Moreover, surface modification of dental implants and polymers were reviewed, and recent progress and challenges in application of biomaterials are reported related to the surface modification process.
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Introduction

Bio-materials as a whole possesses unique property which may not be exhibited by other materials and hence in order to make them to conveniently applied for specific application the surface modification come to the existence. By using various physical and chemical means, the surface compositions and structures can be adjusted to assist seamless adaptation to the physiological surroundings and at the same time perform the necessary functions. There various techniques for surface modification of biomaterials are depicted in the figure 1. The surface modified surfaces can prevent corrosion, enhance biocompatibility, and osseointegration without sacrificing the bulk properties. The following sections discuss the different approach of surface modification for improving the responses such as antibacterial, antifouling, mechanical, corrosion and tribological, osseointegration, cytotoxicity, anti-inflammatory and hemocompatibility, moreover this chapter touches upon the surface modification of dental implants and polymers in dental application.

Figure 1.

Surface modification techniques

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