Role of Smart Metering and Implementation Issues in Smart Grid

Role of Smart Metering and Implementation Issues in Smart Grid

Maheswari Maruthakutti, Loganathan Nachimuthu, Suthanthira Vanitha N.
Copyright: © 2021 |Pages: 19
DOI: 10.4018/978-1-7998-4027-5.ch002
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Abstract

Smart grid provides the digital technology that allows for two-way communication between the utility and the customers. The smart grid consists of controls, computers, automation, and new technologies and equipment working together. The smart grid will move the energy industry into a new era of reliability, availability, and efficiency with economic and environmental health. A smart meter plays a major role in the smart grid and it is an electronic device that measures and records the energy consumption. It enables two-way communication between the meter and the supplier through advanced metering infrastructure (AMI). The mode of communication is enabled by either wireless or wired. The wireless communication includes Wi-Fi, wireless mesh networks, Zig Bee, cellular communications, and low power range Wi-Fi. This chapter deliberates about the evolution of electricity metering, major components of smart meter, communication infrastructure and protocols for smart metering, demand-side integration, recent developments, issues faced and solutions, merits and demerits.
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2. Evolution Of Electricity Metering

Electricity meters named as energy meters are used to record the energy supplied to the customer for over a duration and most of these meters are accumulation type. Accumulation meters located in the customer side are read manually to calculate the bill for energy consumed over a period. Nowadays the customers are started to use more advanced meters due to the advancements in the technology. These advanced meters are very much useful to identify the energy consumed by a particular customer for a specific period and the pattern of energy consumption. Based on the pattern the energy suppliers will design the tariff amount for a customer. It will in turn help the customer to analyze the energy consumption pattern and utilize the energy accordingly. Smart meters are still having more features like two-way communication, real time energy usage, bill price and control over the electrical appliances.

The evolution of electrical metering from accumulation meter to smart meter is depicted in Figure 1. It is clear that manual reading type meters were widely used before the year 2000. Automatic Meter Reading (AMR) techniques have been developed around the year 2000 which communicates in one –way from the energy meters to the energy supplier through low speed communication networks. Thereafter one – way communication and AMR leads path to tremendous development in the meter infrastructure. These developments are the main resources for the implementation of smart concept in the power grid and enables two-way communication, tariff change, demand side bidding, remote connection, distribution automation and power quality monitoring.

Figure 1.

Evolution of Electricity Metering [2]

978-1-7998-4027-5.ch002.f01

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