Revolution Towards DC Microgrids: A History

Revolution Towards DC Microgrids: A History

Rinki Maurya, Priya Sharma, Ashutosh Kumar Singh, Surya Prakash
Copyright: © 2024 |Pages: 27
DOI: 10.4018/978-1-6684-9130-0.ch010
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Abstract

A DC microgrid is a decentralized electricity system that uses direct current (DC) power for distribution and consumption. It is an alternative to the traditional alternating current (AC) microgrid, which is the dominant electrical distribution system used in most parts of the world. The adoption of DC microgrids has been gaining momentum in recent years due to their numerous advantages over AC microgrids, including improved energy efficiency, reduced power loss during transmission, and the ability to integrate renewable energy sources more easily. In this chapter, the authors review the technical and economic benefits of all types of possible grids and microgrids and discuss the challenges and opportunities associated with their deployment. Overall, the analysis suggests that the transition to DC microgrids is a promising approach for addressing the energy challenges of the 21st century and could play a significant role in the ongoing energy transition.
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2. Standard Ac Grid

An energy source is referred to as a conventional source of energy if it cannot be utilized again after being used once. Traditional energy sources are unrenewable and environmentally damaging. Conventional AC grids as shown in Fig.1, are mostly run by the use of various types of coal like bituminous coal, sub-bituminous coal, or lignite. For electricity generation, the coals are burned and used to heat the water at a very high temperature approx. 1600 degrees centigrade, causing water vapors to be created. These water vapors are forced towards turbines, which generate electricity, So in TPPs, thermal energy is converted into electrical energy, but with many proposed ideas the annual CO2 emission will decline to zero by the year 2050, according to the NZE (Net Zero Emission) scenario (Lin et al., 2023). Global warming also increases with these TPPs (Finkelman et al., 2021).

Figure 1.

Conventional AC grid block diagram

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