Abstract
Cloud computing is a fundamental paradigm in information technology, revolutionizing computational resource access, utilization, and management by providing on-demand access to various computing services, including storage, processing power, and applications, delivered over the internet. By leveraging virtualization, resource pooling, and automation, cloud computing enables unparalleled scalability, flexibility, and cost-efficiency for businesses and individuals alike. The chapter explores the core ideas of cloud computing, summarising its essential traits, deployment strategies, and service models. Moreover, it explores the significance of cloud computing in driving innovation, facilitating digital transformation, and fostering a dynamic and interconnected technological ecosystem. Also, it discuss the advantages and disadvantages of cloud computing along with some future directions.
Emerging Trends in Cloud Computing Analytics, Scalability, and Service Models
TopIntroduction
Cloud computing can be defined as delivery of Hardware, Software, applications, services, infrastructure, storage over the Internet. Companies like Google, Amazon, Microsoft, IBM, Alibaba, provide cloud services by utilizing the concept of virtualization (Jain et al. 2016), service-oriented architecture (SOA) (Tsai et al. 2010) and parallel computing (Polze et al. 2012). We basically feed server the Hypervisor (Perez-Botero et al. 2013) which is nothing but a software which create the virtual machine. This Hypervisor often called Virtual Machine Monitor (VMM) and the Server called Host and the Virtual machine called guest. It plays a crucial role in Infrastructure as a service (I-S-S-A) solution in cloud computing. SOA is a middleware which enables user and data owner talk to each other. Parallel computing helps to make available abundant resources in cloud environments through distributed data processing, parallel task execution, parallel rendering (Liu et al. 2015) and so on.
Cloud computing offers advantages (Armbrust et al. 2010) (Namasudra et al. 2014) like rapid elasticity, resource pooling, and cost-effectiveness, but it also has drawbacks such as occasional downtime, security risks, and vendor lock-in. Access control is a major security concern due to internet-related issues like hackers. Various schemes, including gateway-based, role-based, and purpose-based access controls, aim to address these problems.
The main contributions of this paper are mentioned below:
In the first part of this paper, fundamentals of cloud computing are presented. All the issues or problems of cloud computing are discussed in this paper one by one. Many future work directions have been also explained in this paper for the cloud computing environment.
In second section we discuss the fundamental of cloud computing. Section-3 explores some related work regarding cloud security and cloud model. Section 4 and 5 presents the benefits and some issue regarding cloud computing. Many future work directions have been also explained in this paper for the cloud computing in section 6 and then we reach to our conclusion part in section 7.
Key Terms in this Chapter
Parallel Computing: A computing architecture where multiple processors or cores work together to solve a problem by dividing it into smaller tasks that can be processed simultaneously.
Cloud Computing: The delivery of hardware, software, applications, services, and storage over the internet. It involves the utilization of virtualization, service-oriented architecture (SOA), and parallel computing by companies like Google, Amazon, and Microsoft.
Access Control: A security measure in cloud computing that regulates and restricts user access to data and resources. Various schemes, including gateway-based, role-based, and purpose-based access controls, address security concerns.
Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS): A cloud computing solution that provides virtualized computing resources over the internet, allowing users to rent virtual machines and storage rather than investing in and maintaining physical hardware.
Virtualization: A technology that allows the creation of virtual instances of computing resources, such as servers or storage devices, enabling multiple operating systems or applications to run on a single physical machine.
Hypervisor: Also known as a Virtual Machine Monitor (VMM), it is software that creates and manages virtual machines, allowing multiple operating systems to run on a single physical host.
Rapid Elasticity: A characteristic of cloud computing that allows resources to be quickly and easily scaled up or down based on demand, providing flexibility and efficiency.
Service-Oriented Architecture (SOA): A middleware framework that enables communication between users and data owners in a distributed computing environment. It facilitates the interaction between different software systems.
Serverless Computing: A cloud computing model where developers can run applications without managing or deploying servers. Resources are automatically scaled based on application usage, reducing operational costs.