Recent Developments of Smart Hospitals and Challenges

Introduction

One area where IoT and AI, alone or in combination, are having a huge impact is the healthcare industry, which is always under pressure to decrease costs while serving a rapidly growing ill population. These technologies might help healthcare organisations reap the advantages of a more connected and responsive world. Patients, physicians, payers, and drug developers would all benefit if the industry can achieve “greater interconnectedness in a single ecosystem.” Smart pills, wearable monitors, and sensors enable healthcare providers to collect data in real time, and AI systems can help analyse that data to detect changes in a patient's condition, suggest treatment options, and identify trends, boosting patient adherence, improving patient outcomes, and speeding the discovery and access to new treatments. The internet of things (IoT) is a growing network of smart gadgets connected to each other over the internet. The Internet of Things has contributed significantly to improving people's quality of life. Smart healthcare, smart cities, industrial automation, agriculture, and transportation are just a few of the internet of things' diverse uses. Sensing devices and objects detect and collect essential data in the Internet of Things, which can subsequently be processed and analysed for better decision making.

As a consequence, physical devices in the actual world may be linked to give computation-based performance. As a consequence, the Internet of Items (IoT) is a developing network of smart devices, actuators, smart phones, and things with low-memory processors that are connected to the internet in order to collect and exchange data and perform requested services. In this research, the internet of things is leveraged to deliver smart healthcare. The Internet of Things allows for machine-to-machine, sensor-to-device, patient-to-device, patient-to-doctor, and device-to-doctor interactions. Remote monitoring, early detection, chronic disease management, elder care, medical treatment for institutionalised patients, and other healthcare IoT applications are only some of the possibilities. It allows us to link intelligently, resulting in a more efficient healthcare system. However, even with the advantages, there remain security and privacy vulnerabilities that are key problems for IoT applications (B. G. Ahn et.al, 2015; A. Dwivedi.et.al,2003).

This software makes use of mobile technology to provide users remote access to current healthcare systems or organisations that offer care. Automation of e-health systems has become easier because to the broad availability of smart mobile apps, portals, and websites. In healthcare, smart devices are utilised to record and monitor critical care parameters as well as sickness data. They're primarily used to give fitness solutions by monitoring target activities and storing data from the gadgets. They're usually used as fitness trackers for patients, as well as smart diagnostic devices like blood pressure monitors, pedometers, and Google Glass, which collect data from sensors for later examination by physicians.

This programme allows for virtual care consultations, medicine distribution, and teaching, among other things, via remote connection and effective solutions. The notion of providing remote medical assistance, such as teleconsultations and mobile video solutions, has grown immensely popular in a few countries and areas. This initiative monitors the elderly in order to assist them in becoming more self-sufficient. Wearable and implanted sensors are two examples of technology that might be used to monitor elderly individuals without involving humans. The monitoring gadgets track the elderly's vital signs and relay them to a regular smartphone, which works as a node for transmitting real-time data to doctors. The data collected may be used to provide medical assistance to the elderly, and local hospitals could be contacted in the case of an emergency.