Quantum Computing for Cybersecurity: A Comparative Study of Classical and Quantum Techniques

Abstract

This chapter explores the impact of quantum computing on cybersecurity, comparing classical and quantum techniques. It provides an overview of the current quantum landscape, focusing on the threats posed by quantum algorithms to traditional encryption methods. The study examines defensive strategies, such as quantum key distribution and post-quantum cryptography, presenting real-world examples and implementation challenges. It also discusses the main quantum algorithms relevant to cybersecurity and the various approaches within post-quantum cryptography. The chapter highlights the implications for governments, businesses, consumers, and researchers, stressing the need for proactive preparation and collaboration. The authors conclude by discussing the future role of quantum computing in cybersecurity, acknowledging the challenges while emphasizing the potential for quantum-safe solutions. The analysis underscores the importance of navigating the transition to a post-quantum era through strategic planning, research investment, and the adoption of hybrid classical-quantum approaches.