This manuscript investigates the opinions of travellers in pilgrimage tourism, focusing on the three phases of the pilgrimage journey: pre, in-transit, and post. The study explores the different kinds of needs that emerge in each phase and examines their impact on shaping travellers' opinions. The research methodology employed SmartPLS (partial least squares) analysis to evaluate the relationships between independent variables and travellers' opinions. Data was collected through an online questionnaire. The findings indicate that all three phases significantly influence travellers' opinions, with the in-transit phase emerging as the most influential. Additionally, the study highlights the importance of pre-visit factors in framing travellers' opinions. The results of the study contribute to theoretical knowledge by identifying influential components in pilgrimage tourism and their impact on travellers' opinions. From a managerial perspective, the findings provide insights for destination managers to enhance the quality of experiences in the three phases and address pre-visit factors.
Top1. Introduction
Ever since the evolution of mankind on this planet people have moved from one place to another for different purposes. People travelled and migrated in search of food, livelihoods, trade, settlement, and better pursuit of life. This took a huge turn of event with the invention of wheel and the subsequent advancements in the means of transportation. People also started to travel to trail their roots and to find solace with nature and religious abodes. The movement of people took the shape of tourism got the industry status and has become one of the leading contributors to the world economy.
Pilgrimage tourism, characterized by journeys undertaken for religious or spiritual purposes, has a rich historical and cultural significance across the globe. These sacred journeys attract millions of travellers each year, fostering a unique intersection of faith, heritage, and exploration. It encompasses a myriad of needs that travellers seek to fulfil during their journeys, spanning the pre, during, and post phases of their pilgrimage experience. Understanding these diverse needs is crucial for developing effective strategies to enhance the overall pilgrimage experience and cater to the expectations and aspirations of pilgrims. This manuscript aims to delve into the various dimensions of pilgrims' needs throughout these distinct phases, shedding light on their preferences, challenges, and desired outcomes.
The pre-pilgrimage phase marks the beginning of the spiritual journey, where travellers make preparations, plan their itineraries, and engage in various activities to ready themselves for the pilgrimage ahead. During this phase, pilgrims may seek information and guidance about the religious significance of the destination, transportation logistics, accommodation options, and cultural norms of the host community. Exploring their opinions and perspectives during this stage offers valuable insights into the informational and emotional support required by pilgrims as they embark on their sacred voyage.
The In-Transit phase represents the heart of the pilgrim's journey, where they engage in religious rituals, visit sacred sites, and immerse themselves in the spiritual ambiance of their destination. Understanding the needs of pilgrims during this phase involves examining their preferences for accessibility to pilgrimage sites, availability of religious services, provision of facilities for accommodation, dining, and sanitary needs, as well as the importance of communal interactions and cultural experiences. By capturing the opinions and experiences of pilgrims in real-time, this study aims to illuminate the ways in which pilgrimage organizers and destination managers can enhance the pilgrim's experience and foster a deeper connection to the spiritual essence of the journey. Travelers seek a meaningful travel experience during pilgrimage which may bring them closer to nature, spiritual self, and the divine force (Cheer, 2023; Cheer et al., 2017).
The post-pilgrimage phase reflects the aftermath of the pilgrimage, as travellers return to their daily lives carrying the transformative experiences and insights gained during their sacred voyage. During this phase, pilgrims may seek avenues for reflection, community engagement, and continued spiritual growth. Understanding their needs in this phase provides valuable insights into the development of post-pilgrimage support systems, such as online communities, pilgrimage-related events, and resources for maintaining a spiritual connection even after leaving the sacred destination.
This manuscript aims to delve into the realm of pilgrimage tourism, exploring the multifaceted aspects of this specialized form of travel through the lens of the travellers in all three phases. By examining the opinions of pilgrims, we seek to provide a comprehensive analysis of the significance, challenges, and benefits associated with this unique type of journey.