This chapter aims to automate the system of vehicle parking with less human interference. This busy world has brought people to a state of no patience, and advancement in technology, fortunately, is favoring the need to save time and energy. The area fitted with sensors provides an efficient way to park the vehicles automatically knowing details of the available slot, which is the target of this project. In addition to this is the IoT implementation to the system which is an advancement in knowing the status of the parking lot even before entering into it. This is illustrated using an application where we get the information about the availability of the slot even before physically entering the parking lot. In addition to it, there will be a multilevel parking facility for the vehicles parked into the lot. These all together comprise the entire working of the project.
Top1. Introduction
In this 21st century, with all the increasing population, it has become a tedious job to find a parking space for the vehicles. People who go for work every day need a slot near their office parking systems and people who go shopping on weekends need a slot to park at malls, theatres, hotels etc. But in their busy schedule search for a parking place should not become tiresome (Bonde, 2014, pp. 1-4).
In addition, the parking slots are never convenient and provide no logical data about the availability of the slot unless the user visits it manually. These kind of problems are faced regularly by every individual because the factor of unpredictability is very high and there is no existing solution for solving the issue that may benefit the users by saving their time or keeping their mental state happy and carefree (Bonde, 2014, pp. 1-4).
Under all this, increasing traffic results the drivers have to go back and forth desperately looking for parking spaces, wasting their valuable time, fuel consumption, with increased probability of causing accidents. Therefore, to solve all these issues to some extent we propose a multilevel vehicle allotment and retrieval system using IoT. This exciting design of parking system allows the driver to look for available slots and park accordingly. Once the parking is full the gate does not open to any next cars until any spot gets free (Khanna & Anand, 2016).
In this chapter we are going to construct a smart vehicle parking system that connects to internet to help a vehicle driver or any vehicle owner to check if there is a vacant parking spot exist in a parking area even before the driver reach the intended parking slot destination. An IoT based a vehicle parking management system to ease the search for a vacant parking slot in a parking slot through a Smartphone (Khanna and Anand, 2016). The system utilizes several sensors and microcontrollers with internet capability for detecting parked vehicles and to update the data in real-time on internet. The proposed smart parking slot circuit will be equipped with several sensors, inexpensive microcontrollers and Wi-Fi module using which any vehicle owner can check if there is vacant space in a parking slot using his or her phone or tablet or even on computer (Abd Kadir, 2020).
Here we are building an IoT based Vehicle Parking System using NodeMCU, IR sensors, and servo motors. IR sensors are used at the entry and exit gate to locate the vehicle and used to locate the parking slot availability. Servo motors are used to open and close the gates according to the sensor value. The ability to connect, analyze and automate data gathered from devices, powered by and described as the IoT, is what makes smart parking possible (Anwita, 2021).
Smart Parking contains the use of low-cost sensors, real-time data, and applications that allow users to observe available and unavailable parking spots. The goal is to automate and reduce time spent manually searching for the optimal parking floor, spot, and even slot. Whether the destination is a retail store, an airport, or a corporate business office, visitors will surely be impressed with the cutting-edge technology and convenience factors (Seignez & Maurin, 2005).
Overall, Smart Parking is a parking solution that can include in-ground Smart Parking sensors or sensors for counting. These devices are usually embedded into parking spots or positioned next to them to detect whether parking slots are free or occupied. This happens through real-time data collection. The data is then transmitted to a smart parking mobile application or website, which communicates the availability to its users (Seignez & Maurin, 2005).