Marijuana, i.e., Cannabis sativa: The Quandary of Being an Amalgamate of a Useful and Abusive Medicinal Herb

Introduction

‘Marijuana’ in Mexican dialect implies the therapeutic part of Cannabis, which often found its application for smoking purpose by armed forces of New-Spain (Johnson, N., 2017). Dioecian, infrequently synoicous, and dimorphous in behaviour (Rupasinghe et al. 2020). It is an annual anemophilic plant. This herb is implicitly believed to have originated from the great grass lands of Central Asia and more pioneeringly in the areas specially lying in Mongolia and southern Siberia (McPartland et al. 2019). The scientific records evaluated about the annual herbaceous plant suggest that its cultivation dates back almost to 12 millennia which can be a good argument for claiming, that it is one of the oldest cultivated profitable herbs (Peltzer and Pengpid, 2017). On a historical basis the use of marijuana dates as far as back to six millennia of the common era, when the seeds of the plant were used for edible purpose in mainland China, even though the weaving material drawn from the plant in hemp dates back to four millennia of the pre-Christian era (Monotony, et al., 2021). The earliest recorded use of Cannabis on pharmaceutical grounds was in 2727 of the common eras in mainland China (Hand, et al., 2016). The records suggest that the plant was used in old (TCM) typically for intestinal disorders, jungle fever, joint aches as well as acute pains occurring during labour (Anand, et al., 2019). The literary perspectives suggest that cannabis was frequently sown as a viable source of food and yarn in and around 1500 BC (Deguchi et al., 2020). The plant has innumerable advantages of use like that as yarn, mash, pharmaceutical, concrete purpose, oil derivate, permeable fabrics, bedding use for domestic animals, toiletries, etc. (Stasilowicz, “ et al”, 2021). The traditional usage of cannabis is not only puffing in cigarettes, obtained after sun-drying the flora and leaflets of cannabis, but it has also got constructive uses (Small, 2015). The explorations carried have suggested with enough evidence that the wide variety of non-nutritive chemical substances of Cannabis acts as a deterrent against several ailments, indicating its broad-spectrum medicinal library of possible lead compounds. Hence, the present literary review will be substantial to comprehend the medicinal benefits of marijuana, but also at the same time of constant and recurrent changing face of therapeutical marijuana landscape, experts and the people who are directly or indirectly related to the marijuana should evolve themselves from time to time about the existing information about the positive use and abuse of marijuana. Though it is imperious to assess probable benefits achieved in an ailment, as there is not substantive study to reach a conclusion as most prospective studies that measure the effectiveness of a new intervention or treatment are lacking (Breijyeh, et al., 2021). So, an approach is needed where there can be a clear line of demarcation between possible health hazards and health benefits due to the short peer-quality evidence and dearth of directives. From several decades scholars have explored and carried trails to assess benefits of several bioactive compounds present in marijuana, but a comprehensive study regarding the possible potentially helpful compounds present in cannabis is lacking. Hence, the present endeavour attempts to accumulate, comprehend the different statics related to this herbaceous plant and chart out the guidelines to highlight the need for novel methods and policies to channelise the good use of cannabis. Also, the current endeavour aims to provide a general apprise on numerous wide varieties of non-nutritive chemical compounds found in this herb including their bio-screening for their probable medicinal benefits. This appraisal also abridges the cannabis withdrawal by deep learning about its conduct, observation in addition to blockages.