IoVST: Internet of Vehicles and Smart Traffic – Architecture, Applications, and Challenges

1. Introduction

The Internet of things is a collaborative network of sensors, devices, processors and required software for connection and data transfer between devices. IoT enables us to collect and analyse large amounts of data which can be used to automate daily tasks in various fields. IoT holds the potential to revolutionise and create many opportunities in multiple industries. IoT plays a crucial role in the vehicles and traffic management domain, mainly known as the Internet of Vehicles and Smart Traffic(IoVST).

Figure 1.

Smart traffic management using IoV

The Internet of vehicles enables autonomous driving in the collective inter-vehicle network using cloud technologies. Data can be shared between vehicles and even the central processors, and using machine learning to refine and update the onboard algorithms. Further, this network can help the vehicles communicate, thereby streamlining traffic flow by broadcasting the proposed movement route. IoV creates a seamless and interconnected transportation system that harnesses the power of data and technology. By linking devices, and vehicles, the IoV thrives to enhance transportation safety such as sensors, communication protocols and data analytics. One of the most prominent applications of the IoV is in developing smart traffic systems. Smart traffic systems utilise data analytics and other technologies to optimise traffic flow and reduce congestion. Through real-time data collection from sources such as sensors, cameras, and GPS services, smart traffic systems monitor traffic patterns and adjust traffic flows, as a result, travel times are reduced, and transportation safety is improved. Combining the IoT and smart traffic systems offers an impactful solution to worldwide transportation challenges. By leveraging data and technology, these systems enhance safety, reduce congestion, and optimise transportation systems to meet the growing demands of an evolving world. Continued developments in IoV and smart traffic systems lead to more efficient, safer, and sustainable transportation systems that benefit everyone. Using measures such as dynamic routing, intelligent traffic signals, smart vehicles, smart car parking and real-time traffic monitoring, implementing smart traffic solutions can lead to reduced emissions, improved air quality, and decreased travel times, contributing to a more sustainable and liveable city. Data analysis helps increase the effectiveness, safety, and sustainability of transportation networks and is called smart traffic management. Figure 1 shows an example of a real-time deployment of Smart Traffic Management using IoV. As shown in the figure, cars will be able to communicate easily with each other, over a wireless network, to increase the efficiency of travel, decrease travel time, and avoid congestion on the road.

2. Iov Architecture For Smart Traffic

Figure 2.

Generic IoV architecture of smart traffic