IoT Devices for Natural Disasters

IoT Devices for Natural Disasters

A. Vinora, Nancy Deborah R., G. Sivakarthi, M. Soundarya, V. Balagi
DOI: 10.4018/979-8-3693-4284-8.ch007
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Abstract

IoT sensors are hardware components that gather data and identify environmental changes. These are the components of an internet of things ecosystem that connects the virtual and real worlds. The benefits and drawbacks of IoT include its application in traffic systems, time savings, improved data collection, increased security, and so forth. The intricacy of the system, increased unemployment, privacy problems, security risks, and the likelihood of systemic corruption are some drawbacks. A catastrophe is defined as a large-scale disturbance that can be caused by either natural or man-made sources and can last for a short while or a long time. There are several categories into which catastrophes can be categorized: natural disasters, geological disasters, biological disasters, nuclear disasters, industrial disasters, and man-made disasters. IoT is a collection of different devices that are networked together to provide efficient connection and enable coordination towards outcomes.
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1. Iot Devices For Natural Disasters

The term “Internet of Things” (IoT) refers to the comprehensive network of interconnected objects, encompassing both the physical entities and the technology facilitating communication between devices and the cloud. This technology makes it possible to equip inert objects—such as cars, electrical systems in plants, roofs, lights, etc, with a device that can measure environmental factors, produce related data, and send that data over a communications network. The primary objective is to establish connectivity between any device or object and the internet, enabling remote control, monitoring, data collection, and sharing. The core of this technology consists of interconnected sensors.

IoT sensors refer to tangible components responsible for gathering data and identifying changes in the environment. These components form part of an Internet of Things ecosystem, serving as a connection between the physical and virtual realms. The benefits and drawbacks of IoT include its application in traffic systems, time savings, improved data collection, increased security, and so forth. The intricacy of the system, increased unemployment, privacy problems, security risks, and the likelihood of systemic corruption are some drawbacks. The Internet of Things (IoT) encompasses hardware elements, such as sensors, actuators, devices, appliances, and machines, designed for specific functionalities and capable of transmitting data over the Internet or other network infrastructures. Various industries, including energy, communications, and automotive, integrate and utilize IoT devices for diverse applications.

A catastrophe refers to a substantial disruption, stemming from either human-made or natural origins, with a brief duration. Such events pose challenges exceeding the capacity of affected communities to manage, impacting individuals, assets, the economy, or the environment. Catastrophes encompass diverse categories, such as geological, biological, nuclear, industrial, and human-induced calamities. The Internet of Things (IoT) comprises interconnected devices designed to enable efficient communication and foster collaborative efforts in achieving objectives.

During natural disasters, initial responders can access real-time information from Internet of Things (IoT) devices, including earthquake detectors and weather sensors. People in impacted areas can also be alerted and given vital information about evacuation routes, emergency shelters, and other resources via smartphones and social media. Near-real-time data on things like water levels, volcanic activity, and barometer measurements can be gathered via IoT devices and sensors. Early warning systems can be sent by sensors that identify and identify wildfires, tornadoes, cloudbursts, volcanic activity, earthquakes, etc. Predictive maintenance is another way to safeguard vital infrastructure—or any infrastructure, for that matter. By employing sensors to track pollutants and toxins, including radioactive conditions, risk mitigation is made possible.

Rehearsals, protocols, and response mechanisms provided through IoT can improve emergency preparedness. Infrastructure can be enhanced with real-time data from sensors, cameras, and other networked devices, enabling real-time condition monitoring and real-time reception of critical historical and real-time data. These data may be used by city managers to prioritize repairs and carry out preventative maintenance. Additionally, alarms and improved communications can be provided by the networked devices installed in highways, bridges, buildings, and other infrastructure. Furthermore, strategic stores of food, water, clothes, medical supplies, and other necessities can be tracked to guarantee appropriate levels with the usage of IoT devices. In the initial aftermath of a catastrophe, maintaining situational awareness is essential to allocate resources efficiently, directing them to locations where they can have the most significant impact and provide assistance to the maximum number of individuals. However, as operations progress, recovery efforts must be revised often to account for evolving circumstances.

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