IoT refers to a network of interconnected devices which are able to share data with each other. Each device in a network has a unique address. The placement of devices called nodes in any network has always been a matter of concern associated with its routing, shortest path, power dissipation by nodes and topology etc. The integration of a wireless sensor network with the internet of things is an area of research among the researchers and provides a valid approach for networking in any IoT enabled system. WSN- IoT integration finds applications in smart agriculture. In this chapter the authors will discuss the methods of WSN-IoT integration and its benefits among smart agriculture. The authors will discuss the application using Lora WAN to enhance better crop yield. LoRa WAN is a low cost and long-range device which is suitable for smart agriculture application for sending collected data to a remote location which we cannot communicate through Zigbee, wi-fi, Bluetooth and other short-range devices. The researchers will explain the routing methods and protocols associated with smart agriculture.
TopIntroduction
Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) and the Internet of Things (IoT) are two related technologies that are increasingly being integrated to create new applications and services. WSNs are networks of small, battery-powered devices equipped with sensors that can collect data about their environment. The IoT, on the other hand, is a system of interconnected devices that can communicate with each other and with the internet, and is characterized by its ability to collect, analyze and act on data.
The term “Internet of Things” (IoT) refers to the interconnectedness of physical objects, such as vehicles, home appliances, and other goods, which enable these things to communicate and exchange data.
These objects are embedded with electronics, software, sensors, and connectivity. The Internet of Things (IoT) concept entails extending Internet connectivity to a variety of gadgets and common objects in addition to traditional devices like desktop and laptop computers, smartphones, and tablets. Offering advanced device, system, and service connectivity that goes beyond machine-to-machine communications and encompasses a range of protocols, domains, and applications is the ultimate goal of the Internet of Things.
The Internet of Things (IoT) has quickly expanded to play a significant role in how people live, interact, and conduct business. Web-enabled devices are transforming our universal rights into a larger switched-on space to live in all over the world.
Applications
Examples of applications that can be created by integrating WSNs and IoT technologies include:
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Smart agriculture: WSNs can be used to collect data about soil moisture, temperature, and other parameters, which can be integrated with IoT platforms to enable precision agriculture.
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Smart cities: By deploying WSNs throughout a city, it is possible to collect data about traffic, air quality, and other factors, which can be integrated with IoT platforms to enable smarter city planning.
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Industrial automation: WSNs can be used to collect data about equipment performance, which can be integrated with IoT platforms to enable predictive maintenance and other advanced automation applications.
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Healthcare monitoring: WSNs can be used to collect data about patient vital signs, which can be integrated with IoT platforms to enable remote monitoring and other healthcare applications.
Benefits
Integrating WSNs and IoT technologies can provide a number of benefits, such as:
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Enhanced sensing capabilities: WSNs can provide real-time data about physical parameters such as temperature, humidity, and light levels, which can be integrated with IoT platforms to enable smarter decision-making.
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Improved energy efficiency: WSNs are designed to operate on low-power, so they can be integrated with IoT devices to help reduce overall energy consumption.
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Increased scalability: By combining the scalability of IoT devices with the flexibility of WSNs, it is possible to create large-scale systems that can support a wide range of applications.
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Better reliability: The redundancy built into WSNs can improve the reliability of IoT systems, ensuring that critical data is always available.
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Enhanced security: WSNs can be integrated with IoT devices to provide more secure communication channels, ensuring that data is protected from unauthorized access.