Abstract
The libraries, archives, and museums (LAMs) promote culture, community, and change new cultural heritage information management research. History deserves The Ombilin Coal Mining Heritage of Sawahlunto (OCMHS), Indonesia as a World Heritage. The LAM convergence may initiate in OCMHS. LAM convergence counts and digitization changes LAM. Universitas Brawijaya, Indonesia and Universiti Teknologi MARA, Malaysia constructed digital LAM convergence by free open-source software (FOSS) and the software development life cycle (SDLC) cascade development with information system design techniques. The OCMHS LAM standards are initiated with “The Sawahlunto Memories.” The OCMHS best practices can be the other example for preserving culture via “The Sawahlunto Memory.” Convergent LAMs of OCMHS by “The Sawahlunto Memory” must enhance access to memory institutions and experiences in quick digital technology and effective cultural heritage information management to preserve Indonesia's worldwide cultural heritage.
TopIntroduction
Within the context of all civilizations, the transmission of ideas, facts, and emotions via various forms of communication, such as writing and other media, is vital for the acquisition of new information and the preservation of collective memory. Documentation is a distinguishing feature of a civilization rooted in culture, setting it apart from a solely oral tradition (Pendit, 2019). This is particularly evident in the realm of preserving collective memory within cultural heritage. Due to the inherent inclination of individuals to accumulate information, it becomes imperative for society to cultivate a collective memory via the use of written records and other artifacts. In the last several years, there has been a significant growth in the approaches used to investigate the resources often associated with cultural heritage (Hall & Walsh, 2021).
This underscores the ongoing need to adapt and enhance the ability to manage, facilitate, and structure extensive amounts of information. Scholars specializing in memory institutions like libraries, archives, and museums (LAMs) have conducted research on collective memories as an integral component of cultural heritage within society. This research involves the deliberate processes of choosing, curating, collecting, organizing, maintaining, archiving, and distributing these memories (Fernando et al., 2012). The convergence of memory institutions, or LAMs, with the concept of collective memory, has emerged as a viable approach for communities, yielding positive outcomes.
The concept of collective memory extends beyond a simple aggregation or summation of individual recollections. However, via the integration of symbols, language, and established conventions, the collaborative endeavor of community members played a significant role in the early promotion of cultural heritage through collective memory exhibitions. The recognition and understanding of cultural heritage play a crucial role in the effective management and conservation of these valuable legacies. Therefore, it is essential to acknowledge the significance of its awareness (Shimray & Chennupati, 2019). The sustainable preservation of cultural heritage is a serious cultural problem in contemporary civilizations. The category encompasses a wide range of agents, including LAMs, particularly within the context of world heritage sites.
An examination of the preceding three decades of the operationalization of the World Heritage Convention reveals a discernible expansion in the understanding and scope of the term 'heritage.' Within the realm of cultural heritage, an anthropological perspective has prompted a shift in focus from safeguarding monumental legacy to acknowledging the dynamic history of indigenous communities, the spiritual abundance of humanity, and the intricate interplay between these aspects and the natural surroundings (Sullivan, 2004). The incorporation of cultural landscapes, especially those linked to natural components rather than tangible cultural artifacts, has had a transformative impact on the understanding, analysis, and execution of the World Heritage Convention (Petrelli et al., 2013). The preservation of exceptional natural ecosystems also serves to support and maintain existing cultures, customs, and beliefs. These judgments have facilitated the identification and acknowledgment of holy places and other assets that possess distinctive and intangible worth.
According to Króll (2021), The concept of cultural heritage is complex and encompasses several dimensions, making it difficult to provide a precise definition. Consequently, the evaluation of the cultural heritage potential of a nation, area, or community is a challenging task. Cultural heritage is the essential part of the collective memory and legacy of the community, or what the community considers its identity, worthy of being transmitted to the next generation of the general public. It comprises not only what we know about life, nature, and the cosmos but also how we know it. Both media can be tangible and intangible. It includes artifacts, specimens, landscapes, cultural practices or traditions, ethics, and documents (Lourenco, 2013).
Key Terms in this Chapter
Information: Crucial and abstract facts or information that may transmit meaning, enhance understanding, decrease ambiguity, or influence a person, system, or entity's status, beliefs, or actions.
Intangible Cultural Heritage: Traditions passed down from generation to generation. Actions, expressions, knowledge, abilities, and rituals vary. Intangible cultural heritage includes oral traditions and expressions, performing arts, traditional knowledge and practices, festivals and celebrations, craftsmanship and traditional crafts, language and linguistic traditions, traditional games and sports, social practices, norms, and etiquette, knowledge systems and expertise, music and dance forms, rituals and ceremonies, transmission, and education.
Libraries: Well-selected resources of information resources, materials, and services available to the public, students, academics, or a community to aid education, research, reference, and pleasure. Libraries help preserve knowledge, promote literacy, facilitate learning, and provide access to different information. As inclusive spaces for inquiry, discovery, and active interaction with information, libraries foster curiosity, education, and intellectual growth.
Collective Memory: Is essential to human culture and civilization. It affects people's history, present, and future. It stores cultural information, values, and identity, giving a community a feeling of continuity and belonging. Groups or communities that remember, comprehend, and interpret previous events, experiences, and cultural occurrences are all integral to collective memory.
Tangible Cultural Heritage: Is a culture's physical history and legacy passed down through generations. It encompasses various cultural, historical, aesthetic, scientific, and socially significant artifacts, structures, and persons.
Cultural Heritage Resources: Are physical and intangible assets of social, historical, artistic, scientific, or societal value. They're passed down to preserve identity, continuity, and history. Community identities, memories, and cultures rely on culture. For cultural continuity, heritage awareness, and preservation, these resources must be conserved.
Convergence: Refers to the process of moving towards a central meeting point or condition. Additionally, it may be seen as a method of implementing interventions that are executed in a synchronized, integrated, and collaborative fashion with the aim of addressing high-priority objectives.
Archives: Are structured and maintained resources of historical records, papers, manuscripts, pictures, audiovisual recordings, and other sources that benefit study, historical knowledge, accountability, and cultural heritage preservation. Archives preserve the collective memory of people, organizations, communities, and society. Archives help preserve history, facilitate study, promote transparency, and protect societies' documented cultural heritage. Their windows to the past illuminate human history, culture, and governance.
Information Systems: Help management make decisions and operate operations. This system combines people, IT, and coordinated processes. An information system should provide meaningful data. Data is a fundamental component of an information system, but it must be processed to become meaningful and valuable. Information systems are crucial to turning data into useful, reliable information that can be utilized in organizational decision-making and operations.
Museum: Is an institution that gathers, conserves, studies, interprets, and shows cultural, artistic, historical, or scientific resources for public education and enrichment is a museum. Museums preserve and display humanity's tangible and intangible heritage, promote learning, and engage the public. They are vital organizations that preserve, interpret, and share the rich fabric of human knowledge, creativity, and history.
Memory Institutions: Are assets that gather, preserve, interpret, study, and distribute cultural heritage resources. Tangible and intangible resources, records, traditions, and cultural, historical, aesthetic, scientific, or social information. Museums, archives, and libraries all serve this purpose, each with its roles and responsibilities. Resources and acquisition, conservation and preservation, research and scholarship, exhibition and interpretation, education and outreach, access and accessibility, community engagement, advocacy, and policy are memory institutions' primary functions.
Cultural Heritage: Comprises a multitude of tangible and intangible elements, making it extensive and intricate. These include hereditary traits, behavioral patterns, customary rituals, and linguistic expressions. The preservation of cultural heritage is of paramount importance due to its historical, aesthetic, scientific, and social significance.