Abstract
This research paper there are analyses different periods of the functioning of the High Educational Institutions in Georgia starting from the ancient period to the modern period and the role of the country within the transnational education process from the ancient period till the modern times. Particularly, parallelly with the educational institutions functioning, there are observed the preconditions of the involvement of Georgia in transnational education, by the engagement of Georgian students in the study process abroad and promotion of the arrival of foreign students for the getting education in the different high institutions of Georgia. Furthermore, attention is paid to the current situation in the framework of the high educational system of Georgia, by discussing the importance of joining the Bologna Process as a clear example of Transnational education and introducing the United National Exams in the country, based on the experience of leading countries of the world etc.
Developments and Future Trends in Transnational Higher Education Leadership
Top2. Study Methods
2.1 Research Questions
- 1)
What are the higher educational system origins in Georgia?
- 2)
Which historic events promoted the foundation of higher educational institutions in Georgia?
- 3)
Which historic events hampered the development of higher educational institutions in Georgia?
- 4)
What is Georgia’s current status quo with regards to transnational higher education?
2.2 Research Methods
- 1)
Quantitative Research Methods were used in the research paper, particularly in order to investigate the different educational institutions in Georgia, including the branches of foreign Universities. This approach was also employed for the nearest historical period, and for presenting the number of Georgian students who are involved in the education process in the branches of foreign Universities in the country and abroad, as well as for foreign students.
- 2)
Comparative Analysis was employed to for the analysis of the different methods that were introduced in the high educational system of Georgia during the communist and post-communist periods and during the preconditions of the foundation of the branches of foreign universities in Georgia.
- 3)
Content Aalysis was adopted in this study when researching leading specialists in the field of Higher education.
- 4)
Narrative Analysis was utilised for a more indepth analysis of all those processes, which were and are going on in the sphere of transnational higher education regionally.
2.3 Methodological Framework
The functional approach of sociology has been utilised. This theory considers the positive function that education plays in society. Sociologist Emile Durkheim highlighted that the main function of education represents the transmission of the values of the dominant culture. Taking this into account, and noting the different societies which exist, cultural goals and values are clearly different from one another. It can also be noted that the study systems in the different educational institutions of Georgia during the different national historical periods have varied, which requires the analysis of the educational system during the differing periods in order to better understand the present. This means that this paper has considered the middle century, new history and modern history of Georgia (Society for a Better Society, 2023).
Key Terms in this Chapter
Student Exchange Program: is a program in which students from a secondary school (high school) or higher education study abroad at one of their institution's partner institutions. A student exchange program may involve international travel but does not necessarily require the student to study outside their home country.
International Education: is a dynamic concept that involves a journey or the movement of people, minds, or ideas across frontiers. It is facilitated by the globalization phenomenon, which increasingly erases the constraints of geography on economic, social, and cultural arrangements.
Transnational Education: All types of higher education study programs, sets of courses of study, or educational services (including those of distance education) in which the learners are located in a country different from the one where the awarding institution is based. Such programs may belong to the educational system of a State or be distinct from the State in which it operates or may operate independently of any national system.
Higher Education: is tertiary level education leading to the award of an academic degree. Higher education, which makes up a component of post-secondary or third-level education, is an optional final stage of formal learning that occurs after the completion of secondary education. It represents levels 5, 6, 7, and 8 of the 2011 version of the International Standard Classification of Education structure. Tertiary education at a non-degree level is sometimes referred to as further education or continuing education as distinct from higher education.