Abstract
The article deals with the measurement of the antimicrobial activity for some natural dyes against various types of microbes as (Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomons aeruginosa), Using nano materials for some metals or its oxides as titanium oxide for treatment of fabrics before dyeing, these materials were fixed on the fiber by chemical bonds to acquire new properties as antimicrobial activities against bacteria and fungi and also to protect from ultra violet rays. Using a traditional and microwave heating for extraction of dyes and dyeing methods because microwave heating is a more effective method than traditional heating. Other additional features are that, they are cheaper, more economical, eco-friendly, and produce a higher dye uptake as compared to conventional techniques, environmentally friendly pre-treatment by chitosan before dyeing in order to obtain dyed fabric with high quality and more protected against microbes. Application of antimicrobial agents in the development in the textiles as chitosan, qutenary ammonium salt and neem.
TopBackground Of Textile Industries
Textile industry continuously searches for new technologies in order to accomplish the consumer's demands. Especially in recent years, new developments allowed the production of functional and smart textiles which are capable of sensing changes in environmental conditions or body functions and responding to these changes. Likewise, consumers’ attitude towards hygiene and active lifestyle has created a rapidly increasing market for a wide range of textile products finished with antimicrobial properties, which in turn has stimulated intensive research and development. As a consequence, the number of biofunctional textiles with an antimicrobial activity has increased considerably over the last few years (Haug et al., 2006). Application is nowadays extended to underwear, sportswear, home furnishing and protective clothing in areas with high risk of infection by pathogens (hospitals, schools and hotels); and because they are able to absorb substances from the skin and can release therapeutic compounds to the skin, they find applications for prevention, as surgical lab coats, or therapy, as wound dressings (Goodarzian & Ekrami, 2010). Thus, biomedical products will perhaps be the largest application of antimicrobial textiles. Microorganisms and textiles are an excellent substrate for bacterial growth and microbial proliferation under appropriate moisture, nutrients and temperature conditions. In a clinical setting, they can be an important source of bacteria that may contaminate the patients and clinician personnel (Ali & El-Mohamedy, 2011).
Key Terms in this Chapter
Natural Compounds: A natural product is a chemical compound or substance produced by a living organism that is, found in nature.
Antimicrobial Textiles: Antimicrobial fabrics and textiles are fiber-based substrates to which antimicrobial agents have been applied at the surface, or incorporated into the fibers, rendering a product that kills or inhibits the growth of microorganisms.
Natural Dyes: Natural dyes are dyes or colorants derived from plants, invertebrates, or minerals. The majority of natural dyes are vegetable dyes from plant sources: roots, berries, bark, leaves, and wood and other organic sources such as fungi and lichens.
Green Production: Green production is a business strategy that focuses on profitability through environmentally friendly operating processes.
Microwave: An electromagnetic wave with a wavelength in the range 0.001-0.3 m, shorter than that of a normal radio wave but longer than those of infrared radiation.
Nano Materials: A material having particles or constituents of nanoscale dimensions, or one that is produced by nanotechnology.
Chitosan: Chitosan is a linear polysaccharide composed of randomly distributed ß-linked D-glucosamine and N-acetyl-D-glucosamine. It is made by treating shrimp and other crustacean shells with the alkali sodium hydroxide. It is biopolymer.