Exploring How Members of the Group of Twenty Develop Artificial Intelligence Technology: Initiatives and Privacy Issues

Introduction

Countries in the Group of Twenty (G20) support Artificial Intelligence (A.I.) technology for their economic interests. The development and use of A.I. can be a driving force to help advance sustainable development and realize a sustainable and inclusive society. Therefore, G20 countries are committed to developing A.I. technology. The development principles are based on the OECD (Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development) recommendations for A.I. In 2022, Indonesia won the trust by holding the G20 Presidency for one year (December 2021 to November 2022) of the multilateral partnership of 20 world developed countries (G20, group of twenty) comprising leading countries globally. As a platform, the G20 is a strategic platform for a bridge between developed and developing countries. The G20 also plays a strategic role in securing future global economic growth and prosperity. Collectively, the G20 members represent many countries and have a vital role in global trade.

Besides holding the G20 Presidency, Indonesia chairs the Task Force on Economic Integration forum. The G20 countries play a caring role in digital transformation. These countries are aware of digital technology in economic development and how economic changes depend on technology. Sociologists believe that social change occurs because of the change in societal elements. One of those elements is technological change and social change in a socio-economic manner. The elements of social change include value, capital, technology or media, and language (Marcuse & Neumann, 1994). If these elements change, then there is a change in society.

One of the key changes in the innovation and adoption of artificial intelligence (A.I.) technology. Human-made intelligence in computer systems so that computers can imitate or resemble human thought processes and show intelligence through actions. Artificial intelligence involves many disciplines, namely: computer science, psychology, mathematics, robotics, and other fields. The use of artificial intelligence responsibly helps advance and realize a sustainable and inclusive society. Artificial intelligence technology has the potential to impact digital transformation in the world, including in the G20 countries. The transformation of society based on elements of technology or digital media brings changes to urban areas. Cities become the driving force of sustainable development, improving the community’s health, resilience, and welfare. Technology that is present in society creates social change. In Indonesia, we can see changes based on elements of digital technology in the transportation sector.

What was done by the G20 countries reaffirmed their commitment to developing the economy, as stated in the Osaka declaration. In Osaka, they expressed their commitment in a declaration stated in the “G20 Osaka Leaders' Declaration” on 28-29 June 2019. These countries commit to using all policy tools to achieve strong, sustainable, balanced, and inclusive growth and safeguards against downside risks. Furthermore, G20 countries have demonstrated their commitment to adopting and developing the use of artificial intelligence to enhance the growth of G20 countries. They support the sharing of good practices on effective policy and regulatory approaches and frameworks that are innovative and agile, flexible, and adapted to the digital era. According to the Osaka declaration, the responsible development and use of Artificial Intelligence can be a driving force to help advance the SDGs and to realize a sustainable and inclusive society (Official website of the Japan’s G20 Presidency, n.d.).