Studies conducted in the past have demonstrated that there is a substantial association between preeclampsia (PE) and intrauterine growth restriction (IGR) in terms of morbidity and mortality as well. According to the National Center for Health Statistics, hypertension that was caused by pregnancy was a significant factor in the development of the condition. Further investigation revealed that 1,46,320 women were diagnosed with preeclampsia. As a result, the research investigated the prognostic significance of transabdominal DV in the early stages of pregnancy, specifically between 13 and 16 weeks. Therefore, in order to predict preeclampsia and prenatal outcomes in a total of eighty patients, our research utilised pulsed-wave Doppler (PWD) flow velocity waveforms (FVW) from the ascending branch of the UA that was in the closest proximity to the internal os. In preeclampsia, we discovered that 18.18 percent of patients had IUGR, 4.5 percent had IUFD, and 36.66 percent were admitted to the NICU. During the period of time between 13 and 16 weeks, a Doppler investigation of the UA may be of assistance in the early prediction of preeclampsia.
TopIntroduction
Research conducted in the past has demonstrated a substantial association between preeclampsia and intrauterine growth restriction (IGR), both of which are major factors to maternal morbidity and mortality (Hibbard, 1996; Montan et al., 1987). According to the National Center for Health Statistics, hypertension that was associated with pregnancy was a prominent medical risk factor in the year 1998 (Aditya Komperla, 2023). There were 1,46,320 women who were diagnosed with preeclampsia, which represents for 3.7 percent of all pregnancies that resulted in live deliveries, according to the findings of the researchers conducted (National Center for Health Statistics, 1983). As an additional point of interest, research that was carried out in the year 1996 revealed that more than 18 percent of the 1,450 maternal deaths that took place in the United States between the years 1987 and 1990 were the result of complications that were associated with hypertension during pregnancy (Berg et al., 1996). In addition, research has demonstrated that hypertension that develops during pregnancy is a contributor to the death of both the foetus and the newborn (Awais et al., 2023). Furthermore, forty-six percent of infants who have growth limitation in relation to their gestational age are also accountable for this (Divon & Hsu, 1992; Bala Kuta & Bin Sulaiman, 2023).
According to the most recent estimates, researchers have demonstrated through their investigations that there is a wide range of prevalence of growth restriction in infants, ranging from three percent to ten percent, and that there is a strong association between foetal growth restriction and notable perinatal morbidity and mortality (Ido et al., 1995; Piper et al., 1996). In addition to this, the fact that the aforementioned statement is applicable to both preterm newborns and term infants was another finding that researchers came to (Minior & Divon, 1998; Bhuva & Kumar, 2023). Furthermore, studies have shown that the use of early screening for preeclampsia enables proactive monitoring during pregnancy and the capacity to identify the most opportune time for foetal delivery, hence minimising the risk of potential difficulties (Bhuva & Kumar, 2023). This is a significant benefit. When used as screening measures for this particular illness, it has been discovered that a variety of hemodynamic and biochemical measurements have a limited degree of accuracy (Ekholm, 1997).