Engineering in Augmented and Virtual Realities: Current Applications and Future Frontiers

Overview of AR and VR Technology

The digital data is superimposed to the user's real surroundings which helps increase perception and engagement (Manuri, F & Sanna, A, 2016). User may realize a hike session encircled by the nature with mixed real and virtual situation by using devices like smartphones, tablets as well as AR glasses. VR rather creates a vivid and completely immersive virtual universe where people can shut out the reality and step into the world that is completely computer designed (Mandal 2013). Digital Reality glasses allow users to get something to the level that a complete immersion into virtual reality was not possible and interact with virtual things without limits.

Importance in the Field of Engineering

One of the awesome capabilities of AR and VR technologies in engineering is that it can be utilized for design process, training employees, maintenance of equipment and collaboration across different teams. Incorporating augmented reality (AR) allows engineers to look inside complicated designs in realistic conditions, which can be beneficial for machine installation, construction layout and building modelling. In addition, VR provides training in realistic environments, i.e. dangerous places, complex device operation, and procedures. Simulation training of such situations reduces their risk and cost comparison with real-world training. Furthermore, AR and VR support the collaboration between geographically separated groups by allowing interactive design reviews, the real-time data exchange and remote support. Moreover, these systems can be used to do many maintenance tasks since they enable professionals to view real time project diagnostic data, access digital manuals and conduct the repairs under increased supervision using different enhanced supervision options.

The Survey Paper's Goals and Structure

This survey paper main objective is to make a detailed analysis of engineering AR and VR application technologies already available on the market today. The present paper aims at providing a complete and deep view of augmented reality and virtual reality in engineering by highlighting key concepts and illustrating practical applications and how the technology integrates with the new digital world, ending up with prospects.

• 1.

  Foundations of AR and VR: Here we will examine such thoughts, there will be touch on the issues and user experience factors that are the basis of AR and VR technologies.

• 2.

  Uses in Various Engineering Fields: In this part, we explore an extensive scope of A.R./V.R applications in biological engineering, building, transportation, environmental engineering, and structural health monitoring.

• 3.

  Integration with Emerging Technologies: To facilitate process and product improvement, a study has been conducted on the ease of connecting blockchain, AI, and AR/VR with IoT and IT.

• 4.

  Training, Maintenance, and Prototyping: Furthermore, we discuss examples of how AR and VR could be utilized for equipment maintenance, equipment skill development simulations, and prototyping procedures.

• 5.

  Collaborative Engineering and Human-Machine Interaction: This section illustrates how AR and VR enhanced the design collaboration, human factors engineering, and remote assistance practices.

• 6.

  Future Trends and Innovations: In our last part, we consider different trajectories for the sector, emphasising biodegradability, optimisation, and human-centred design.