Globalization of the Environmental Issues: Response of the Arab Region

Globalization of the Environmental Issues: Response of the Arab Region

Ibrahim Abdel Gelil
DOI: 10.4018/978-1-61350-344-7.ch008
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Abstract

Environment is now considered the “common heritage of mankind,” and addressing global environmental problems are increasingly topping the international development policy agenda because of their cross-border effects. Since the Rio Conference in 1992, the world has witnessed a proliferation of multilateral environmental agreements, which aim to protect the global environment. This has put extra burdens on the institutional setup in the Arab countries, which already suffers from weak capacity, lack of resources, and power struggle in the national policy arena. This chapter portrays the evolution of the global environmental governance system and the development of a parallel legislative and institutional framework in the Arab region to respond to global environmental problems. Challenges faced by Arab countries while meeting its obligation in the MEAs include inadequate financing; low public awareness; limited negotiation capacity; and marginal involvement of civil society and the private sector. The effects of these barriers on the level of implementation by the Arab countries of different MEAs are reviewed.
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Globalization And Environment

Global environmental concerns were evolved from the recognition that ecological processes do not always respect national boundaries and that some environmental problems often have cross-border or global impacts. For the last few decades, there have been some very significant global changes, economic, social, cultural, political and environmental, that are underway. These changes, called “globalization”, profoundly affect human development. Yet there is no agreement on exactly how to define the term “globalization”.

There are many definitions of globalization, most commonly; it is seen as a process of removing all kinds of imposed barriers on movements between countries. It is an on-going process of global market integration, which encompasses trade, investment and capital flows. This is driven by the rise of a myriad of regional and global economic institutions such as the World Trade Organization (WTO). The revolutionary progress of the information and communication technology has been playing a crucial role in achieving that integration and even facilitating culture interactions rather than confrontations. It is imperative that all these dimensions of globalization would affect the natural environment.

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