Association of Environmental Sustainability With Food Security Across Countries

Abstract

This chapter develops the environmental sustainability index (ESI) global food security index (GFSI) across 34 countries in a time series of 2000 – 2021. GFSI is considered as a combination of its four components. It applied a composite Z-score method to estimate the stated indexes. It provides a cross comparison of these countries in environmental sustainability (ES) and global food security (GFS). Thereupon, causal association between ES and GFS is identified using regression equations. The statistical results imply a significant diversity in GFS and its driving indicators, and ES across countries. GFS is positively associated with ES, GFAVI, GFACI, GFSTI, and GFUTI. ES is positively associated with GFS and its other dimensions (excluding GFSTI). Trade openness, FDI and technological change, and consumption expenditure are useful to increase GFS. In this chapter, the decisive empirical results and numerous policy suggestions are presented to increase ES and GFS.