Nano-cutting fluids, also known as nanofluids, have gained significant attention in recent years as a means of enhancing the efficiency and effectiveness of various cutting processes. They consist of a base fluid, such as oil or water, with suspended nanoparticles that can improve the lubrication and cooling properties of the fluid. In various cutting processes, such as lathe, electrochemical machining (ECM), electrical discharge machining (EDM), and ultrasonic machining (USM), the use of nanofluids has been shown to improve surface finish, reduce tool wear, and enhance material removal rates. Nanofluids have increased thermal conductivity and lubrication properties, as well as the ability to fill in micro-gaps and reduce friction. Further research is needed to optimize their use in industrial applications.
TopIntroduction
Nano cutting fluid is a type of cutting fluid that contains nanoparticles, typically less than 100 nanometers in size, which are added to the fluid to enhance its lubrication and cooling properties during metal cutting operations. The nanoparticles can be made of various materials such as oxides, carbides, and diamond. The use of nano cutting fluid can improve machining performance, increase tool life, and reduce energy consumption and waste. Additionally, it can minimize the environmental impact of metalworking operations by reducing the amount of cutting fluid needed and the amount of waste generated. Nano-cutting fluid is a recent development in machining technology that has revolutionized traditional machining processes. Nano-cutting fluids, also known as nanofluids, are engineered fluids that contain suspended nanoparticles of materials such as oxides, carbides, and nitrides. These nanoparticles have unique physical and chemical properties that make them suitable for various machining applications(Khandekar et al., 2012).
Nano-cutting fluids have been introduced in various machining processes, including conventional machining, electrochemical machining (ECM), electrical discharge machining (EDM), ultrasonic machining, abrasive water jet machining (AWJM), and others. In this article, we will explore the introduction of nano-cutting fluids in these various machining processes. Conventional Machining: In conventional machining processes such as turning, drilling, and milling, nano-cutting fluids have been introduced to improve the machining performance. The use of nano-cutting fluids can improve tool life, reduce cutting forces, and improve surface finish. These fluids also act as a coolant, reducing the heat generated during machining and reducing the risk of thermal damage to the workpiece. Nano-cutting fluids have shown promising results in various machining processes, including conventional machining, electrochemical machining, ultrasonic machining, and abrasive jet machining. These fluids are specially designed to provide better cooling and lubrication during the machining process, which leads to improved tool life and surface finish.
In conventional machining processes such as turning, drilling, and milling, the use of nano-cutting fluids has shown significant improvements in tool life, surface finish, and dimensional accuracy. The addition of nanoparticles to the cutting fluid improves its properties, such as thermal conductivity, viscosity, and lubricity, which reduces the cutting force and temperature. This results in lower tool wear and improved surface finish. Some common types of nano-cutting fluids used in conventional machining processes are oil-in-water emulsions, water-based solutions, and vegetable oils.
Electrochemical machining (ECM) is a non-traditional machining process used for precision machining of complex shapes and hard-to-machine materials. The use of nano-cutting fluids in ECM has been reported to improve the material removal rate and surface finish. The addition of nanoparticles to the electrolyte enhances the ionic conductivity and reduces the overpotential, which increases the machining rate and improves the surface finish. Some common types of nano-cutting fluids used in ECM are oil-in-water emulsions, water-based solutions, and ionic liquids.
Ultrasonic machining (USM) is a non-traditional machining process that uses ultrasonic vibrations to remove material from the workpiece. The use of nano-cutting fluids in USM has been reported to improve the material removal rate and surface finish. The addition of nanoparticles to the cutting fluid improves its properties, such as thermal conductivity, viscosity, and lubricity, which enhances the efficiency of material removal and reduces tool wear. Some common types of nano-cutting fluids used in USM are water-based solutions, oil-in-water emulsions, and ionic liquids. Ultrasonic machining is another process where nano-cutting fluids have been used to improve machining efficiency. The addition of nano-cutting fluids in ultrasonic machining has been shown to reduce tool wear, improve surface quality, and increase material removal rate(Said et al., 2019).