Recent Development in Biomedical or Healthcare
The human body and its functioning have always intrigued humankind. The legendary Father of Medicine, Hippocrates, initially identified physical ailments as the outcome of biological processes as opposed to mystical or mystic forces in 400 BC. Through the numerous works of the eminent Italian engineer Leonardo da Vinci, the very first attempt to integrate engineering and physics theories to describe the human body could be dated back to the fifteenth century. Leonardo da Vinci has been credited as the first bioengineer (Armentano and Kun 2019) and the first healthcare physicist (Kron and Krishnan 2019) thanks to his innumerable sketches and drawings which helped improve the comprehension of human physiology and anatomy. The multidisciplinary field of biomedical sciences incorporates knowledge from diverse engineering fields to look into biology, medicine, and healthcare. Biomaterials, bioinstrumentation, bioinformatics, biomechanics, medical imaging, and medical devices are merely a few instances among the multitude of subjects that can be classified within the wide umbrella of research in the biomedical field. The use of modern technology in healthcare serves as one of the primary explanations for why biomedical engineering continues to be a major field of study today and in the years to come. For instance, engineering is employed in multiple contemporary surgical procedures, including laparoscopic surgery (Ooi et al.,2023). Significant improvements in medical treatment, particularly regarding remote monitoring of health, have been brought about by the growth of information technology (IT) (Li et al., 2019). Preventing illness and identifying high-risk individuals early on are among the primary objectives of utilising physical sensor networks (Mohammadzadeh et al., 2020). To be able to track and cure patients' conditions quickly through immediate access and continual monitoring of their health indicators, intelligent technologies and smart gadgets (As an example wearable and Astute wireless sensors) have become becoming increasingly common (Gries et al., 2018). The primary objectives of wearable sensors are for recording and tracking patients' medical problems and conditions while also performing a range of additional functions concerning well-being (Li et al., 2019; Mohammadzadeh et al., 2020).
As a way to foster more promptly and continual assessment of patients' well-being and the associated health sub-systems, an array of smart devices, Internet of Things (IoT), telemedicine, smart pills, and AI-based technologies have been envisioned and created (Junaid et al., 2022). Over the last ten years, a significant rise in interest in smart devices, specifically wearable sensors, mostly in healthcare settings. From physical (body) signs like the rate of your heart (HR), arterial blood pressure (BP), temperature of the body, oxygen consumption, and internally mobility were numerous variables to think about, these instruments search to acquire clinically meaningful health-related data (Majumder et al., 2017). In a nutshell, relevant sensible sensors and networks of wearable sensors are used to extract and share fundamental health information. There's a greater likelihood that the Internet of Things (IoT) could improve healthcare because of its increasing popularity (Muratyan et al., 2022). The expression “Internet of Medical Things” was popularized by many to describe the latest developments in micro processing, which has ramifications for the medical field (Dwivedi et al.,2022). There were 11.3 billion IoT devices in operation (Markets and Markets,2021). The medical device IoT market is projected to rising to $94.2 billion in 2026 from $26.5 billion in 2021(Sinha et al.,2023). With the aid of these advances, the healthcare sector has grown increasingly interconnected, making it hard to ignore IoT. In the years as of late the epidemic commenced in 2020, A lot has changed in telehealth. Patients and treatment teams regularly participate in online video conferences where problems are discussed, and advice is given. To make this possible, the foundational structure is in far better shape. The healthcare study connects 2021 projects that the worldwide value of telehealth solutions would reach $185.6 billion by 2026 (Fortune Business Insights,2023). One of the most innovative applications of internet of things (IoT) the concept of a “smart pill” is used in healthcare technology. (Minaam et al., 2018), which essentially shifts to the Internet of Bodies from the Internet of Things. With its many potential uses, artificial intelligence (AI) represents a fast-emerging field of research and study that is especially relevant to healthcare. Artificial intelligence's application in the battle over COVID-19, diagnosis and development of medications, psychological wellness, chatbots, and various other critical fields has shown its value in recent years (Patel et al.,2023). In 2023, the technologies that has gained attention of Audiences are given in Fig.1.
Figure 1. Healthcare technology trend in 2023
The medical sector has developed in a unique approach to preserve the same high level of assistance owing to major improvements in technology, methods essential to cater to the rising need for access to healthcare, and the accelerating the digitization of private medical data (Robert et al., 2021). Contemporary hospitals depend on its remaining infrastructure and technology, but it's important to consider how it might be updated or completely replaced by newer options. Setting priorities for efficacy, assurances, profitability, and efficiency while preserving dependability and accessibility is crucial (Patel et al., 2023). This study aims to investigate the current trends in technical advancements, such as CFD, that are propelling the the healthcare industry towards digital change-up in the near future.