A Systematic Review With Recommendations on Intelligent Systems in Cognitive Healthcare

A Systematic Review With Recommendations on Intelligent Systems in Cognitive Healthcare

K. Asha, K. A. Venkatesh
Copyright: © 2024 |Pages: 21
DOI: 10.4018/979-8-3693-1090-8.ch001
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Abstract

Today's doctors and patients rely on online platforms to express opinions on health matters. Public health importance, especially after the COVID-19 pandemic in both developing and developed countries are focusing on building sustainable, resilient health systems and implementing policies to address prevailing healthcare challenges. Adoption of latest trends and technologies leads to the processing of extensive bigdata by heavy statistical evaluations through machine learning and deep learning techniques to predict prominent semantic patterns. The objective of this chapter is to spotlight on cognitive analysis to extract opinions expressed by users. Authors emphasize narrowing down the new potentials in the field of sentiment analysis through cognition and understanding variations in semantic orientation. The chapter explores new methods and procedures that benefit practitioners and researchers with respect to sentiment polarity using cognitive analytics to address the improvements in healthcare industry.
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1. Introduction

COVID pandemic and lockdown has brought about an intuition of distress and concern around the globe. The sensation has directed to short term as well as long term psychosocial and mental health inferences for children and youths. Early evidence in 2020 has shown an increase in anxiety, depression and sleep problems in the general population. According to World Health Organization (WHO), depression is estimated to affect around 350 million people across the world. The World Mental Health Survey conducted in nearly 20 countries found that on average about 5-10% people reported having an episode of depression. By the end of 2022, depression will be the second leading cause of world disability and by 2030, it is expected to be the largest contributor to disease burden (WHO Global Burden of Disease, 2008; World Health Organization, 2001). One out of ten people suffer from major depression and anxiety disorder during lifetime (Kessler et al., 1994). Although pandemics shatter the operations of communities and families altogether, there is a lack of studies targeting the effects of pandemics on youth mental health.

1.1 Fueling Mental Health Crisis Among Global Youth

The mental health crisis among the global youth is heightened due to the influence of COVID-19. More than 40% of individuals between the ages of 13 and 25 in UK reported a considerable deterioration in mental health due to pandemic. According to US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 25% of young Americans considered suicide during the summer, a significantly higher percentage compared to the 10% reported among adults. Mental health disorders impacted 14% of India's population, including 45.7 million individuals dealing with depressive disorders and 49 million facing anxiety disorders. Prior to the pandemic, nearly 1 billion individuals faced diagnosable mental health conditions, with 82% of them living in low- and middle-income countries. Figure 1 shows the statistical reports indicating the average adult’s mental health worsened globally during covid and over past few years by gender.

Figure 1.

Adults’ mental health at global perspective

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As per the recent survey conducted by the World Health Organization, 70 -72% of mental health services for children and adolescents have faced disruptions due to the impact of COVID-19. The pandemic has negatively affected the mental health and general well-being of a wider range of individuals, encompassing both those with and without pre-existing conditions. Moreover, it has intensified systemic service deficiencies and socioeconomic inequalities. The pandemic is thought to have contributed to a worldwide rise in the rates of depression and anxiety, estimated to be between 25 and 27 percent. Elevated rates of depression, anxiety disorders, and eating disorders were noted among women. Women expressed various concerns, particularly related to the stigma associated with COVID-19 infection. A heightened occurrence of anxiety and depression was noted during the postpartum period. Additionally, the connection between depression and suicide was found to be more pronounced among women.

Like many other industries, innovation in healthcare is associated with new developments that drive improvements in addressing the issues. Currently challenges in healthcare revolve around two factors, i.e., rising costs and inconsistent outcomes. Though the industry experiments call for innovation in healthcare is not confined to technological developments and extends to other areas. To tackle the issue, experts analyse healthcare tasks and drive outcomes through advanced analytics. The amalgamation of technology, skills, and strategies can help the significant transformations that benefit healthcare service providers by reducing costs and improving patient outcomes. The chapter provides a systematic review with recommendations of Technology and the emerging trend will gain a competitive advantage when it comes to improve patient experience.

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