On account of continuous increase in concerns about environmental deterioration and electrical usage, sustainable energy sources are being commonly used to generate power and offer several benefits like clean energy and reduced price. To meet the fast growth in power stipulation, major renewable sources must be attained. Though renewables present a long-term solution as an alternative to fossil fuels, they are associated with uncertainty in generating power. In this chapter, to overcome the above problem, a combination of energy bases will be able to be implemented called as HRES. Due to the relatively low environmental effects, HRES have become a major choice for rural electrification. In this work, an endeavor has been made to present the outline of role of HRES. This chapter will also dispense about the power control strategies, energy assessment of a hybrid system, and battery energy storage devices in electrical networks.
TopIntroduction
This section has a summary of the integration of a complete literature assessment on alternative hybrid renewable energy sources (HRES), control mechanisms, and battery energy storage systems. Due to increased global need for electricity, conventional electrical power infrastructures are undergoing a drastic transition as large-scale renewable power penetration is assimilated. The capacity to work is defined as power. In science, power cannot be created or annihilated; it can only be changed into another form. All life on the earth depends on energy and its transition, and transparency energy generation is a crucial part of that transformation.
Throughout this process, energy can be changed into a variety of diverse forms. Heterogeneous types of energy can be derived from sustainable and unsustainable energy sources. The continual growth of RES has become a crucial feature in many nations around the globe with the goal of ensuring a safe and renewable expansion as well as counteracting climate change consequences. Even though replacing fossil fuels with renewable energy bases is serious in today's world, conventional energy sources are still in use. In this situation, the usage of non-fossil fuels is still insufficient to preclude continued expansion (Dyrstad, Skonhoft, Christensen, & Ødegaard, 2019). Major key factors limiting the use of renewables to substitute fossil fuels is their variable and inconsistent nature, which makes integration into power systems difficult (Feilat, Azzam, & Al-Salaymeh, 2018). Solar and wind energy attributes may result in an overabundance of energy output that is lost if the compliance is the process and production phase do not meet. In 2013, for example, a total of 940.8 billion kWh of electrical energy was predicted to be restricted globally (Li, Shi, Cao, Wang, Kuang, Tan & Wei, 2015). Communities with few or no interconnections to the power grid, as well as those that have never been energized, are prime examples of where the installation of sources would be critical for reducing environmental loads. When it comes to rural broadband via small grids, a lack of methodology for assessing energy needs might contribute to wasteful system architecture.
HRES have attracted widespread recognition and have a significant impingement on the power grid today. They can be found in big power systems, small distribution systems, and microgrids (MG). Goals to cut carbon emissions, as well as many government subsidies to stimulate RES, have had a favorable impact on the incorporation of renewable energy technology into power grid.
However, current technological issues about the stochastic nature of RES have limited the extent of RES adoption in the incumbent power system. With RES currently accounting for < 10% of net electricity generation, significant technological progress is required to incorporate the virtually predicted 100% share of RES by 2050.
Accessibility has become a top priority in rural areas due to geographical destination, long speed and distance from the primary power network, high costs of power transmission lines, technology issues in sparsely populated locations, and concerns about electric power supply consistency due to natural calamities. RES, namely solar and wind, can be a viable option for rural power generation (Nottan, Diaf & Stoyanov, 2011; Ferrer-Marti, Garwood, Chiroque, Ramirez, Marcelo, Garfi & Velo, 2012). This structure can provide a reliable electricity supply to rural areas while also being more cost-effective than conventional electricity remedies, especially in telecoms, potentially toxic factories in remote locations, deep forests, and coastal cities, among other things.
A power system has been identified as a HRES, which comprised of one clean energy and multiple power sources. The framework shall be used in grid or stand alone, and the source can be formal, durable, or blended (Belatrache, Saifi, Harrouz & Bentouba, 2020; Girardet & Mendonca, 2009). These have been discovered that the distinct shading materials of a mixture renewable energy plant can be picked using numerous sizes variables. Additionally, many infomercial software packages are used for measurements and efficiency.