Inter-organizational networks are fundamental in propelling the relationships within the organizations. ION are also important for those organizations that are involved in establishing a cross cultural association. However, such relations are affected by several factors, like social climate and economic environment. Initially through literature review, several variables were identified that contribute to the interorganizational networks, organizational ecosystems, social exchange theory and joint ventures. In the next step, qualitative data analysis was performed using RQDA. Text analytics was employed to study various correlations among the variables. The study argues following assertions: 1) The formation and necessity of understanding IONs in ever changing business eras; 2) The association of interorganizational networks, organizational ecosystems, and constituents of social exchange theory; 3) The failures of JV associations and IONs.
Top1. Introduction
Inter-Organizational networks do not possess any customary explanation (Bergenholtz & Waldstrom, 2011). It is however, defined by the formation of associations, alliances or ventures (Kilduff & Tsai, 2003). Organizations move strategically so as to explore new opportunities in domestic or foreign markets by establishing alliances that possesses risk and uncertainty (Gulati & Gargiulo, 1999). The term network helps to deduce the basic purpose of the association of organizations that could be unexplored market, partner trust and reliability (Mayer, Davis &, Schoorman, 1995; Powell, Koput,& Smith Doerr, 1996; Zaheer, McEvily, & Perrone, 1998). Past studies show that the inter-organizational purposes are well served through information sharing (Dawes, 1996; Yang & Maxwell, 2011; Pardo et al.,2004,), technology sharing that can improve the collective work (Pfeffer & Salanick, 1978; Zhang and Dawes, 2006; Yang & Maxwell,2011),mutual interdependence (Hill & Hellriegel, 1994; Gulati & Gargiulo, 1999; Pardo et.al.,2004), shared interests (Ring & Van de Ven, 1994), co-existence(Idea & Vodafone merger, 2017). Researchers in the past have assessed the importance of networks that are essential for organizations in order to establish ventures which are quite complex type of association (Yan & Lou, 2016). Studies have shown that organizations establish ventures to elude the unknown risks and utilize each other’s competence and resources (Gulati & Singh, 1999; Yan & Lou, 2016). A new venture formation not only gives new resources and chances but is also followed by confrontational situations like changing market conditions (Ozmel, Reuer, & Gulati, 2013).