A Comprehensive Review on Single Axis Solar Tracking System Using Artificial Intelligence

Abstract

Renewable energy sources plays a vital role in power generation. Renewable solar energy resources abound on a global scale. When employing solar energy as a resource, the output of photovoltaic (PV) modules is determined by radiation and the temperature of the sun. The first PV systems were developed in the mid-nineteenth century. The underlying issue in the solar industry is that PV systems capture just a percentage of the sun's beams. The technique works best when the Solar Panel (SP) is perpendicular to the sun's rays. Solar tracking systems (STS) are used to keep a PV panel orthogonal to the radiation at all times, allowing for optimal energy output from the sun. With the help of advanced technology in tracking systems, numerous tracking techniques are available. The goal of this research is to explore the most recent improvements in solar tracking technology to estimate the best orientation for PV panels. The angular displacement of an STS with a single or dual-axis is possible. This chapter starts with mathematical modeling of the SP and ends with evaluation metrics to evaluate the performance of STS. The pipeline between the start and end points covers the identification of sun position, and Artificial Intelligence (AI) based controller. This survey can help the researchers to create an effective STS.